Journal Article

Adipose tissue is a source of regenerative cells that augment the repair of skeletal muscle after injury

Barreau, Corinne, Chaput, Benoit, Juin, Noémie, Girousse, Amandine, Marquès, Marie, Sengenès, Coralie, Guissard, Christophe, Moro, Cédric, Mathieu, Maxime, Monferran, Sylvie, Varin, Audrey, Murphy, Enda, Laurens, Claire, Gil-Ortega, Marta, Bourlier, Virginie, Sastourné-Arrey, Quentin, Contreras, Xavier, O’Gorman, Donal, Casteilla, Louis, André, Mireille

2023

Overview

Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) play a crucial role in skeletal muscle regeneration, as they generate a favorable niche that allows satellite cells to perform efficient muscle regeneration. After muscle injury, FAP content increases rapidly within the injured muscle, the origin of which has been attributed to their proliferation within the muscle itself. However, recent single-cell RNAseq approaches have revealed phenotype and functional heterogeneity in FAPs, raising the question of how this differentiation of regenerative subtypes occurs. Here we report that FAP-like cells residing in subcutaneous adipose tissue (ScAT), the adipose stromal cells (ASCs), are rapidly released from ScAT in response to muscle injury. Additionally, we find that released ASCs infiltrate the damaged muscle, via a platelet-dependent mechanism and thus contribute to the FAP heterogeneity. Moreover, we show that either blocking ASCs infiltration or removing ASCs tissue source impair muscle regeneration. Collectively, our data reveal that ScAT is an unsuspected physiological reservoir of regenerative cells that support skeletal muscle regeneration, underlining a beneficial relationship between muscle and fat. The dynamics of fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) after muscle injury are crucial to ensure efficient regeneration. Here the authors show that a pool of FAPs originates from adipose tissue and are necessary for effective muscle regeneration.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
• Subject: 13/31 / 13/51 / 14/1 / 14/19 / 14/34 / 14/35 / 14/69 / 38/77 / 38/91 / 45/88 / 59 / 631/136/2060/2068 / 631/532/2074 / 631/532/489 / 64 / 64/60 / 96/2 / Adipogenesis - genetics / Adipose Tissue / Biochemistry, Molecular Biology / Body fat / Cell Differentiation - genetics / Cells (biology) / Cellular Biology / Genomics / Heterogeneity / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Injuries / Life Sciences / multidisciplinary / Muscle, Skeletal / Muscles / Muscular Diseases / Musculoskeletal system / Phenotypes / Progenitor cells / Regeneration / Satellite cells / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / Skeletal muscle / Stromal cells / Subcellular Processes