Journal Article

Implication of fermentable carbohydrates targeting the gut microbiota on conjugated linoleic acid production in high-fat-fed mice

Van de Wiele, Tom, Dewulf, Evelyne M., Delzenne, Nathalie M., De Backer, Fabienne C., Neyrinck, Audrey M., Larondelle, Yvan, Possemiers, Sam, Cani, Patrice D., Druart, Céline, Moens, Frédéric, De Vuyst, Luc

2013

Overview

In vitro experiments have shown that isolated human gut bacteria are able to metabolise PUFA into conjugated PUFA like conjugated linoleic acids (CLA). The hypothesis of the present paper was that high-fat (HF) diet feeding and supplementation with fermentable carbohydrates that have prebiotic properties modulate the in vivo production of CLA by the mouse gut microbiota. Mice were treated for 4 weeks as follows: control (CT) groups were fed a standard diet; HF groups were fed a HF diet rich in linoleic acid (18 : 2n-6); the third groups were fed with the HF diet supplemented with either inulin-type fructans (HF-ITF) or arabinoxylans (HF-Ax). HF diet feeding increased rumenic acid (cis-9, trans-11-18 : 2 CLA) content both in the caecal and liver tissues compared with the CT groups. ITF supplementation had no major effect compared with the HF diet whereas Ax supplementation increased further rumenic acid (cis-9, trans-11-18 : 2 CLA) in the caecal tissue. These differences between both prebiotics may be linked to the high fat-binding capacity of Ax that provides more substrates for bacterial metabolism and to differential modulation of the gut microbiota (specific increase in Roseburia spp. in HF-Ax v. HF). In conclusion, these experiments supply the proof of concept that the mouse gut microbiota produces CLA in vivo, with consequences on the level of CLA in the caecal and liver tissues. We postulate that the CLA-producing bacteria could be a mediator to consider in the metabolic effects of both HF diet feeding and prebiotic supplementation.

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Subject: Acid production / Animals / arabinoxylan / bacteria / Bacteria - drug effects / Biological and medical sciences / Carbohydrate Metabolism / Carbohydrates / Carbohydrates - chemistry / cecum / conjugated linoleic acid / Diet / Dietary Fats - administration & dosage / Dietary Fats - pharmacology / Fatty Acids, Omega-6 - metabolism / Feeding. Feeding behavior / Fermentation / fructans / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / humans / in vitro studies / intestinal microorganisms / Intestines - enzymology / Intestines - microbiology / Linoleic Acids, Conjugated - metabolism / liver / Liver - enzymology / Male / Metabolism / Metabolism and Metabolic Studies / Mice / Mice, Inbred C57BL / Oils & fats / polyunsaturated fatty acids / Prebiotics / Rodents / Roseburia / Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - genetics / Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase - metabolism / tissues / Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems