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Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever in Dogs
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Journal Article
Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever in Dogs
2016
Overview
Abstract
Background
In the United States, Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever (TBRF) in dogs is caused by the spirochete bacteria Borrelia turicatae and Borrelia hermsii, transmitted by Ornithodoros spp. ticks. The hallmark diagnostic feature of this infection is the visualization of numerous spirochetes during standard blood smear examination. Although the course of spirochetemia has not been fully characterized in dogs, in humans infected with TBRF the episodes of spirochetemia and fever are intermittent.
Objectives
To describe TBRF in dogs by providing additional case reports and reviewing the disease in veterinary and human medicine.
Animals
Five cases of privately-owned dogs naturally infected with TBRF in Texas are reviewed.
Methods
Case series and literature review.
Results
All dogs were examined because of lethargy, inappetence, and pyrexia. Two dogs also had signs of neurologic disease. All dogs had thrombocytopenia and spirochetemia. All cases were administered tetracyclines orally. Platelet numbers improved and spirochetemia and pyrexia resolved in 4 out of 5 dogs, where follow-up information was available.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance
TBRF is likely underdiagnosed in veterinary medicine. In areas endemic to Ornithodoros spp. ticks, TBRF should be considered in dogs with thrombocytopenia. Examination of standard blood smears can provide a rapid and specific diagnosis of TBRF when spirochetes are observed.
Publisher
Oxford University Press,John Wiley and Sons Inc
Subject
/ Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use
/ bacteria
/ blood
/ Borrelia
/ Borrelia Infections - diagnosis
/ Borrelia Infections - drug therapy
/ Borrelia Infections - veterinary
/ Dogs
/ Female
/ Fever
/ humans
/ Male
/ medicine
/ Relapsing Fever - drug therapy
/ Relapsing Fever - veterinary
/ Texas
/ ticks
