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Natural infection of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in an area of ecotourism in Central-Western Brazil
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Natural infection of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in an area of ecotourism in Central-Western Brazil
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Natural infection of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in an area of ecotourism in Central-Western Brazil
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Journal Article
Natural infection of phlebotomines (Diptera: Psychodidae) by Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis in an area of ecotourism in Central-Western Brazil
2015
Overview
Background
Bonito municipality, known as an area of ecoturism, in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, is also a focus of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases, with cases registered in both human and canine populations. This study sought to investigate natural infection by flagellate forms of
Leishmania
in phlebotomines of the urban area of Bonito.
Findings
Sand flies were collected fortnightly from October 2005 to July 2006 with modified automatic light traps installed in peridomiciles and animal shelters in the center and on the outskirts of the city. The females were dissected and their guts observed under an optical microscope. A total of 1977 specimens were captured,
Lutzomyia longipalpis
(88.4 %) and
Bichromomyia flaviscutelata
(3.0 %) being the most frequent species.
Bi. flaviscutellata
was found infected by flagellates that were identified as
Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis
by indirect immunofluorescence reaction, employing monoclonal antibodies and the biotin-avidin system. This is the first report of natural infection by
L. amazonensis
in
Bi. flaviscutellata
in a Brazilian urban area.
Conclusions
As
Bi. flaviscutellata
is only slightly attracted by humans, the transmission of
L. amazonensis
in the study area may have a zoonotic character; however, the sympatric occurrence of this parasite and
Lu. longipalpis
should be taken into consideration by the local health authorities since this sand fly has already been found with
L. amazonensis
DNA in a focus of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Bonito municipality.
Publisher
BioMed Central,Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals,Centro de Estudos de Venenos e Animais Peçonhentos,SciELO
