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Tocopheryl Phosphate Inhibits Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Gene Expression In Vitro and Ameliorates Arthritic Symptoms in Mice
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Tocopheryl Phosphate Inhibits Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Gene Expression In Vitro and Ameliorates Arthritic Symptoms in Mice
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Journal Article
Tocopheryl Phosphate Inhibits Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Gene Expression In Vitro and Ameliorates Arthritic Symptoms in Mice
2022
Overview
Anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects of α-tocopherol (α-T) have been shown in human patients in a double-blind trial. However, the effects of α-T and its derivatives on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) during the pathogenesis of RA remain unclear. In the present study, we compared the expression levels of genes related to RA progression in FLS treated with α-T, succinic ester of α-T (TS), and phosphate ester of α-T (TP), as determined via RT-PCR. The mRNA levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, and MMP-13 were reduced by treatment with TP without cytotoxicity, while α-T and TS did not show such effects. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of TP ameliorated the edema of the foot and joint and improved the arthritis score in laminarin-induced RA model mice. Therefore, TP exerted anti-RA effects through by inhibiting RA-related gene expression.
Publisher
MDPI AG,MDPI
Subject
/ alpha-Tocopherol - analogs & derivatives
/ alpha-Tocopherol - pharmacology
/ Animals
/ Antirheumatic Agents - pharmacology
/ Arthritis, Rheumatoid - chemically induced
/ Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy
/ Arthritis, Rheumatoid - metabolism
/ Edema
/ Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects
/ Glucans
/ Humans
/ Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 - biosynthesis
/ Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 - biosynthesis
/ Mice
/ α-tocopherol; tocopheryl phosphate; tocopheryl succinate; rheumatoid arthritis
