Journal Article

Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: the Predimed-Navarra randomized, trial

Lamuela-Raventos, R.M., Toledo, E., Martinez-Gonzalez, M.Á., San Julian, B., Sanchez-Tainta, A., Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H., Corella, D., Clavero, P., Martinez, J.A.

2013

Overview

XXXto assess the effect on cognition of a controlled intervention testing Mediterranean diets (MedDiet). XXXrandomized trial after 6.5 years of nutritional intervention. Eight primary care centers affiliated to the University of Navarra. A random subsample of 285 participants (95 randomly allocated to each of 3 groups) of the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial. All of them were at high vascular risk (44.8% men, 74.1± 5.7 years at cognitive evaluation). Nutritional intervention comparing two MedDiets (supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil [EVOO] or mixed nuts) versus a low-fat control diet. Participants received intensive education to increase adherence to the intended intervention. Participants allocated to the MedDiet groups received EVOO (1 l/week) or 30 g/day of mixed nuts. Dietary habits were evaluated using a validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Additionally, adherence to MedDiet was appraised using a 14-item questionnaire both at baseline and yearly thereafter. XXXcognitive performance as a main outcome and cognitive status (normal, mild cognitive impairment [MCI] or dementia) as a secondary outcome were evaluated by two neurologists blinded to group assignment after 6.5 years of nutritional intervention. Better post-trial cognitive performance versus control in all cognitive domains and significantly better performance across fluency and memory tasks were observed for participants allocated to the MedDiet+EVOO group. After adjustment for sex, age, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, family history of cognitive impairment/dementia, smoking, physical activity, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes, alcohol and total energy intake, this group also showed lower MCI (OR=0.34 95% CI: 0.12–0.97) compared with control group. Participants assigned to MedDiet+Nuts group did not differ from controls. A long-term intervention with an EVOO-rich MedDiet resulted in a better cognitive function in comparison with a control diet. However, non-significant differences were found for most cognitive domains. Participants allocated to an EVOO-rich MedDiet had less MCI than controls.

• Publisher: Elsevier Masson SAS,Springer-Verlag,Springer Paris,Springer,Springer Nature B.V,Elsevier
• Subject: administration & dosage / Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Aging / alcohols / apolipoprotein E / Biological and medical sciences / Body Mass Index / cognition / Cognition & reasoning / Cognition - drug effects / Cognitive ability / Cognitive Dysfunction / Cognitive Dysfunction - diet therapy / Dementia / Dementia - diet therapy / Diabetes / Diet / diet therapy / Diet, Fat-Restricted / Diet, Mediterranean / Dietary Supplements / drug effects / eating habits / education / Energy Intake / extra-virgin olive oil / Feeding Behavior / Feeding. Feeding behavior / Female / Follow-Up Studies / food frequency questionnaires / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / genotype / Geriatrics / Geriatrics/Gerontology / Health care / Humans / hypertension / Intervention / Intervention Studies / Logistic Models / Male / Medical sciences / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mediterranean diet / memory / men / Middle Aged / mild cognitive impairment / Motor Activity / Multivariate Analysis / Neurosciences / Nutrition / Nutrition Assessment / Nutrition research / nutritional intervention / Nuts / Olive Oil / Patient Compliance / physical activity / Plant Oils / Plant Oils - administration & dosage / Preventive medicine / Primary Care Medicine / Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry / Psychopathology. Psychiatry / Quality of Life Research / Questionnaires / randomized controlled trial / risk / smoking (habit) / Surveys and Questionnaires / Treatment Outcome / Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems