Journal Article

The blue tick: WhatsApp as a care tool in pediatric palliative care

De Tommasi, Valentina, Giacomelli, Luca, Benini, Franca, Vecchi, Lara, Rosa, Mariangela, Papa, Simonetta, Santini, Anna, Agosto, Caterina

2025

Overview

Background Comprehensive care, which includes psychological support for pediatric palliative care (PPC) patients, addresses all aspects of the patient’s life. It focuses on managing disease-related challenges and identifying strategies for personal, relational, and social dynamics. Effective communication between patients and healthcare providers is essential in the PPC setting. While various assistive communication tools have been explored in literature, using instant messaging within PPC remains relatively unexamined. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the role of this technology in supporting patient care. Methods Virtual messages exchanged between psychologists and PPC patients via WhatsApp were analyzed retrospectively. The content of these messages was examined qualitatively through thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti software, and sociodemographic characteristics were also collected. Results A total of 25 patients receiving PPC services were recruited, with 5,623 messages evaluated across 766 interaction threads between patients and psychologists. On average, there were 7.34 messages per thread, ranging from 1 to 116 messages per thread. The qualitative thematic analysis revealed that the message content primarily fell into two areas: informative and psychological. The informative area included exchanges about symptomatology, procedures performed, visits, and general health. The psychological area consisted of messages reflecting negative and positive thoughts and emotions related to personal experiences, peer relationships, and family dynamics. Notably, 8.2% of the messages were significant enough to be shared within the team, which helped redirect or modify the care plan for the child and family. Additionally, 8.9% of the messages prompted medical, nursing, or psychological emergency consultations. Conclusions This communication tool appears more accessible for adolescent patients who regularly use instant messaging applications. Its immediacy and ease of use make such communication strategies effective and efficient for organizing, coordinating, and implementing care for a sizable portion of PPC patients. Graphical Abstract

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adolescent / Analysis / Child / Child, Preschool / Codes / Communication / Data collection / Emotions / Female / Health aspects / Holidays & special occasions / Humans / Instant messaging / Instant messaging software / Male / Medical personnel and patient / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Mobile Applications - standards / Mobile Applications - statistics & numerical data / Mobile Applications - trends / Ostomy / Pain Medicine / Palliative care / Palliative Care - methods / Palliative Care - psychology / Palliative Care - standards / Palliative Medicine / Palliative treatment / Patients / Pediatric palliative care / Pediatric research / Pediatrics / Pediatrics - methods / Pediatrics - standards / Professional relationships / Professionals / Psychologists / Qualitative Research / Quality of Life Research / Retrospective Studies / Smartphones / Social aspects / Sociodemographics / Software / Technology application / Working hours