Journal Article

High-fat diet alters gut microbiota physiology in mice

Molecular Nutrition Unit, ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM), Rothballer, Michael, Desmarchelier, Charles, Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe, Loh, Gunnar, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre for Integrated Protein Sciences Munich (CIPSM), CSIRO Livestock Industries ; The University of Queensland (UQ [All campuses : Brisbane, Dutton Park Gatton, Herston, St Lucia and other locations]), Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology ; Universität Wien = University of Vienna, Walker, Alesia, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology ; Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich (TUM), Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BGC) ; Helmholtz Zentrum München = German Research Center for Environmen

2014

Overview

The intestinal microbiota is known to regulate host energy homeostasis and can be influenced by high-calorie diets. However, changes affecting the ecosystem at the functional level are still not well characterized. We measured shifts in cecal bacterial communities in mice fed a carbohydrate or high-fat (HF) diet for 12 weeks at the level of the following: (i) diversity and taxa distribution by high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing; (ii) bulk and single-cell chemical composition by Fourier-transform infrared- (FT-IR) and Raman micro-spectroscopy and (iii) metaproteome and metabolome via high-resolution mass spectrometry. High-fat diet caused shifts in the diversity of dominant gut bacteria and altered the proportion of Ruminococcaceae (decrease) and Rikenellaceae (increase). FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that the impact of the diet on cecal chemical fingerprints is greater than the impact of microbiota composition. Diet-driven changes in biochemical fingerprints of members of the Bacteroidales and Lachnospiraceae were also observed at the level of single cells, indicating that there were distinct differences in cellular composition of dominant phylotypes under different diets. Metaproteome and metabolome analyses based on the occurrence of 1760 bacterial proteins and 86 annotated metabolites revealed distinct HF diet-specific profiles. Alteration of hormonal and anti-microbial networks, bile acid and bilirubin metabolism and shifts towards amino acid and simple sugars metabolism were observed. We conclude that a HF diet markedly affects the gut bacterial ecosystem at the functional level.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group,HAL CCSD,Nature Publishing Group UK,Oxford University Press
• Subject: 631/326/41/1969 / 631/45/320 / 692/698/2741/2135 / Amino acids / Animals / Bacteria / Bacteria - classification / Bacteria - genetics / Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Bilirubin / Biodiversity / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Carbohydrates / Cecum / Cecum - microbiology / Chemical composition / Chemical fingerprinting / Diet / Diet, High-Fat / Digestive system / Ecology / Ecosystems / Energy balance / Evolutionary Biology / Fourier transforms / Gastrointestinal tract / Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology / Gene sequencing / High carbohydrate diet / High fat diet / Homeostasis / Infrared spectroscopy / Intestinal microflora / Life Sciences / Male / Mass spectrometry / Mass spectroscopy / Metabolism / Metabolites / Metabolome / Mice / Mice, Inbred C57BL / Microbial Ecology / Microbial Genetics and Genomics / Microbiology / Microbiota / Microbiota - physiology / Microorganisms / Obesity - microbiology / Original / original-article / Proteome / RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics / rRNA 16S / Sugar
• ISBN: 0003303865000