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Emotion dysregulation in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis
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Emotion dysregulation in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis
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Emotion dysregulation in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis
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Journal Article
Emotion dysregulation in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a meta-analysis
2020
Overview
Background
Emotional symptoms are increasingly considered a core feature of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We aimed to quantify the evidence of emotional dysregulation and its respective facets in individuals with adult ADHD compared to healthy controls using meta-analysis.
Methods
Two electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO) were reviewed to identify studies. Studies were eligible for inclusion that had reports on any measure of emotion (dys) regulation in adults (> 18 years of age) in clinically diagnosed patients with ADHD as well as healthy control participants. We included a total of 13 studies (
N
= 2535) to assess (1) the standardized mean difference in emotion dysregulation (ED) as a general factor and its specific facets (i.e., emotional lability, negative emotional responses, and emotion recognition) between adults with ADHD and healthy controls; and (2) the association between ADHD symptom severity and ED.
Results
Compared to healthy controls, adults with ADHD revealed significantly higher levels of general ED (Hedges’ g = 1.17,
p
< 0.001; Hedges’ g is the adjusted effect size). With regard to intermediate dimensions of ED, emotional lability exhibited the strongest weighted effect (Hedges’ g = 1.20, CI [0.57, 1.83],
p
< 0.001). Furthermore, symptom severity and general ED correlated significantly (r = 0.54,
p
< 0.001). Regarding intermediate dimensions of ED, negative emotional responses correlated closely with ADHD symptom severity (r = 0.63,
p
< 0.001) and emotional lability (r = 0.52,
p
< 0.001).
Conclusions
Our findings support ED symptoms as a core feature of ADHD’s psychopathology. With respect to dimensions of ED, emotional lability, and negative emotional responses play a more definitive role in the psychopathology of adults with ADHD. Due to insufficient statistical reports in the included studies, we could not perform meta-regressions to control the role of moderator variables.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ adolescent and developmental psychiatry
/ Adult
/ Adults
/ Analysis
/ Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - complications
/ Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - psychology
/ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
/ Child
/ Complications and side effects
/ Emotions
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Medicine
