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Prostaglandin E2/Leukotriene B4 balance induced by Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva favors Leishmania infantum infection
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Prostaglandin E2/Leukotriene B4 balance induced by Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva favors Leishmania infantum infection
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Journal Article
Prostaglandin E2/Leukotriene B4 balance induced by Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva favors Leishmania infantum infection
2014
Overview
Background
Eicosanoids and sand fly saliva have a critical role in the
Leishmania
infection. Here, we evaluated the effect of
Lutzomyia longipalpis
salivary gland sonicate (SGS) on neutrophil and monocyte recruitment and activation of eicosanoid production in a murine model of inflammation.
Methods
C57BL/6 mice were inoculated intraperitonealy with
Lutzomyia longipalpis
SGS or
Leishmania infantum
or both, followed by analyses of cell recruitment, parasite load and eicosanoid production.
Results
Intraperitoneal injection of
Lutzomyia longipalpis
SGS together with
Leishmania infantum
induced an early increased parasite viability in monocytes and neutrophils.
L. longipalpis
SGS increased prostaglandin E
2
(PGE
2
), but reduced leukotriene B
4
(LTB
4
) production
ex vivo
in peritoneal leukocytes. In addition, the pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) with NS-398 decreased parasite viability inside macrophages during
Leishmania
infection in the presence of
L. longipalpis
SGS arguing that PGE
2
production is associated with diminished parasite killing.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that
L. longipalpis
SGS is a critical factor driving immune evasion of
Leishmania
through modulation of PGE
2
/LTB
4
axis, which may represent an important mechanism on establishment of the infection.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Councils
/ Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism
/ Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - pharmacology
/ Enzymes
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Leishmania infantum - immunology
/ Leishmaniasis, Visceral - immunology
/ Leishmaniasis, Visceral - parasitology
/ Male
/ Mice
/ Nitrobenzenes - pharmacology
/ Saliva
/ Salivary Glands - immunology
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
