Journal Article

Quantitative microvascular analysis of retinal venous occlusions by spectral domain optical coherence tomography angiography

Kim, Alice Y., Olmos de Koo, Lisa C., Shahidzadeh, Anoush, Puliafito, Carmen A., Chu, Zhongdi, Kashani, Amir H., Burkemper, Bruce, Koulisis, Nicole, Wang, Ruikang K., Ameri, Hossein, Isozaki, Veronica L., Moshfeghi, Andrew A.

2017

Overview

To quantitatively evaluate the retinal microvasculature in human subjects with retinal venous occlusions (RVO) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Retrospective, cross-sectional, observational case series. Sixty subjects (84 eyes) were included (20 BRVO, 14 CRVO, 24 unaffected fellow eyes, and 26 controls). OCTA was performed on a prototype, spectral domain-OCTA system in the 3x3mm central macular region. Custom software was used to quantify morphology and density of retinal capillaries using four quantitative parameters. The vasculature of the segmented retinal layers and nonsegmented whole retina were analyzed. Fractal dimension (FD), vessel density (VD), skeletal density (SD), and vessel diameter index (VDI) within the segmented retinal layers and nonsegmented whole retina vasculature. Nonsegmented analysis of RVO eyes demonstrated significantly lower FD (1.64±0.01 vs 1.715±0.002; p<0.001), VD (0.32±0.01 vs 0.432±0.002; p<0.001), and SD (0.073±0.004 vs 0.099±0.001; p<0.001) compared to controls. Compared to the fellow eye, FD, VD and SD were lower (p<0.001), and VDI was higher (p<0.001). FD, VD, and SD progressively decreased as the extent (or type) of RVO increased (control vs BRVO vs CRVO; p<0.001). In the unaffected fellow eye FD, VD and SD showed significant differences when compared to control eyes or affected RVO eyes (p<0.001). Quantitative OCTA of the central 3x3mm macular region demonstrates significant differences in capillary density and morphology among subjects with BRVO and CRVO compared to controls or unaffected fellow eyes in all vascular layers. The unaffected fellow eyes also demonstrate significant differences when compared to controls. OCTA allows for noninvasive, layer-specific, quantitative evaluation of RVO-associated microvascular changes.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
• Subject: Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Algorithms / Angiography / Bioengineering / Biology and Life Sciences / Capillaries / Coherence / Control methods / Cross-Sectional Studies / Density / Diabetes / Diabetic retinopathy / Disease / Edema / Eye / Eye (anatomy) / Female / Fluorescein Angiography - methods / Fractal analysis / Human subjects / Humans / Hypertension / Lasers / Male / Medical imaging / Medicine / Medicine and Health Sciences / Microvasculature / Microvessels - diagnostic imaging / Middle Aged / Morphology / Occlusion / Optical Coherence Tomography / Physical Sciences / Quantitative analysis / Research and Analysis Methods / Retina / Retinal Vein Occlusion - diagnostic imaging / Retrospective Studies / Tomography / Tomography, Optical Coherence - methods / Vascular endothelial growth factor / Veins & arteries