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Potential contribution of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation on HIV vaccine effectiveness and vaccine design
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Potential contribution of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation on HIV vaccine effectiveness and vaccine design
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Journal Article
Potential contribution of gut microbiota and systemic inflammation on HIV vaccine effectiveness and vaccine design
2017
Overview
The quest for an effective HIV-1 vaccine began as soon as the virus causing AIDS was identified. After several disappointing attempts, results of the Phase-III RV144 trial in Thailand were a beacon of hope for the field demonstrating correlation between protection and immunological markers. In order to optimize vaccine response, we underline results from yellow fever and hepatitis B vaccines, where protective responses were predicted by the pre-vaccination level of immune activation in healthy individuals. Such findings support the assessment and reduction of pre-vaccine immune activation in order to optimize vaccine response. Immune activation in healthy individuals can be influenced by age, presence of CMV infection, gut dysbiosis and microbial translocation. We speculate that the level of immune activation should therefore be assessed to better select participants in vaccine trials, and interventions to reduce inflammation should be used to increase protective HIV vaccine response.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
/ Adult
/ AIDS
/ Animals
/ Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
/ Correlate and surrogate of vaccine protection
/ Fever
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
/ HIV
/ HIV Infections - epidemiology
/ HIV Infections - prevention & control
/ HIV vaccine development in Canada
/ Human immunodeficiency virus
/ Humans
/ Licenses
/ Male
/ Medicine
/ Mice
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Review
/ Vaccines
/ Viral Hepatitis Vaccines - immunology
/ Virology
/ Viruses
