Journal Article

A mechanistic approach to HPLC analysis, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and postoperative analgesic activities of panch phoron in mice

Gias, Zarin Tasnim, Debnath, Polak, Hossain, Md Hemayet, Jain, Preeti, Reza, Hasan Mahmud, Afsana, Fatima, Alam, M. Shadidul, Ena, Tania Naz

2020

Overview

Background Panch phoron is a mixture of five spices containing an equal proportion of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel), Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn (fenugreek), Nigella sativa (black cumin), Cuminum cyminum (cumin) and Brassica nigra (black mustard). The mixture is commonly used in Bangladeshi cuisine and possesses many pharmacological effects. In this study, we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous panch phoron extract (PPE) in vivo, its possible mechanism of action and phytochemical analysis by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). We also investigated the effect of PPE on postoperative pain in mice. Methods HPLC was carried out using LC-20A Modular HPLC system to identify the bioactive compounds present in PPE. Five groups of Swiss albino male mice ( n  = 6 per group) were orally treated with 10 ml/kg of distilled water or 10 mg/kg of sodium diclofenac or three doses of PPE (100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg). In vivo assessment was carried out by the writhing test, tail-flick test, formalin test, and carrageenan induced paw edema test. The opioid antagonist, naloxone was used in the acetic acid test to evaluate the involvement of opioid receptors. To assess the effect of PPE in postoperative pain, mice that underwent sciatic nerve surgery were measured for the paw withdrawal latency in a hot water bath. Results In HPLC analysis, different types of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, including catechin hydrate, para-coumaric acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid were detected. Treatment with PPE exhibited dose-dependent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in pain models ( p  < 0.05). Furthermore, naloxone did not reverse the effect of PPE in the writhing test. Mice that underwent sciatic nerve surgery showed that the paw withdrawal latency increased gradually over 7 days. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that PPE has significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities and can provide significant postoperative analgesia.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Acetic acid / albino / Analgesia / Analgesics / antagonists / Anti-inflammatory / Anti-inflammatory agents / Antinociceptive / Basic research / Bioactive compounds / Brassica / Brassica nigra / Carrageenan / Catechin / Chiropractic Medicine / complement / Complementary & Alternative Medicine / Coumaric acid / cuisine / cumin / Cuminum cyminum / Diclofenac / Distilled water / dose response / Edema / Experiments / fennel / Fenugreek / Flavonoids / Foeniculum vulgare / Formaldehyde / formalin test / High performance liquid chromatography / HPLC / In vivo methods and tests / Inflammation / Internal Medicine / Laboratory animals / Latency / Liquid chromatography / males / mechanism of action / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Modular systems / Naloxone / nerve tissue / Nigella sativa / Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs / Opioid receptors / Organic acids / p-coumaric acid / Pain / Pain management / Pain perception / Panch phoron / Patient satisfaction / Phenolic compounds / Phenols / Postoperative pain / Research Article / Sciatic nerve / Seeds / Spices / Surgery / syringic acid / tail flick test / Trigonella foenum-graecum / Vanillic acid / Water baths