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A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: clinical features and molecular aberrations
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A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: clinical features and molecular aberrations
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Journal Article
A comprehensive overview of metaplastic breast cancer: clinical features and molecular aberrations
2020
Overview
Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC) is an exceedingly rare breast cancer variant that is therapeutically challenging and aggressive. MpBC is defined by the histological presence of at least two cellular types, typically epithelial and mesenchymal components. This variant harbors a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype, yet has a worse prognosis and decreased survival compared to TNBC. There are currently no standardized treatment guidelines specifically for MpBC. However, prior studies have found that MpBC typically has molecular alterations in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor, PI3K/Akt signaling, nitric oxide signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, altered immune response, and cell cycle dysregulation. Some of these molecular alterations have been studied as therapeutic targets, in both the preclinical and clinical setting. This current review discusses the histological organization and cellular origins of MpBC, molecular alterations, the role of radiation therapy, and current clinical trials for MpBC.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
1-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Breast Neoplasms - metabolism
/ Breast Neoplasms - pathology
/ Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
/ Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
/ Female
/ Genomics
/ Humans
/ Kinases
/ Molecular Targeted Therapy - methods
/ Mutation
/ Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism
/ Oncology
/ Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases - metabolism
/ Review
/ Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - genetics
/ Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - metabolism
/ Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - pathology
/ Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - therapy
/ Tumors
