Journal Article

Isolated polycystic liver disease genes define effectors of polycystin-1 function

Choi, Jungmin, Choi, Murim, Mane, Shrikant, Torres, Vicente E., Dong, Ke, Punia, Sohan, Tahvanainen, Pia, Somlo, Stefan, Besse, Whitney, Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Lifton, Richard P., Gulati, Ashima, Huang, Emily B., Pei, York P., Knight, James, Gallagher, Anna-Rachel, Fedeles, Sorin V., Tahvanainen, Esa, Watnick, Terry

2017

Overview

Dominantly inherited isolated polycystic liver disease (PCLD) consists of liver cysts that are radiologically and pathologically identical to those seen in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, but without clinically relevant kidney cysts. The causative genes are known for fewer than 40% of PCLD index cases. Here, we have used whole exome sequencing in a discovery cohort of 102 unrelated patients who were excluded for mutations in the 2 most common PCLD genes, PRKCSH and SEC63, to identify heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in 3 additional genes, ALG8, GANAB, and SEC61B. Similarly to PRKCSH and SEC63, these genes encode proteins that are integral to the protein biogenesis pathway in the endoplasmic reticulum. We inactivated these candidate genes in cell line models to show that loss of function of each results in defective maturation and trafficking of polycystin-1, the central determinant of cyst pathogenesis. Despite acting in a common pathway, each PCLD gene product demonstrated distinct effects on polycystin-1 biogenesis. We also found enrichment on a genome-wide basis of heterozygous mutations in the autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease gene PKHD1, indicating that adult PKHD1 carriers can present with clinical PCLD. These findings define genetic and biochemical modulators of polycystin-1 function and provide a more complete definition of the spectrum of dominant human polycystic diseases.

• Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
• Subject: Adult / Animals / Calcium-Binding Proteins / Cell Line, Transformed / Cysts - genetics / Cysts - metabolism / Endoplasmic Reticulum - genetics / Endoplasmic Reticulum - metabolism / Exome sequencing / Female / Gene mutation / Genetic aspects / Genome-Wide Association Study / Glucosidases - genetics / Glucosidases - metabolism / Glucosyltransferases - genetics / Glucosyltransferases - metabolism / Heterozygote / Humans / Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics / Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism / Liver diseases / Liver Diseases - genetics / Liver Diseases - metabolism / Male / Membrane Proteins - genetics / Membrane Proteins - metabolism / Mice / Molecular Chaperones / Mutation / RNA-Binding Proteins / SEC Translocation Channels - genetics / SEC Translocation Channels - metabolism / TRPP Cation Channels - biosynthesis / TRPP Cation Channels - genetics