Journal Article

Influence of magnetic nanoparticle biotransformation on contrasting efficiency and iron metabolism

Zelepukin, Ivan V., Bragina, Vera A., Deyev, Sergey M., Dzhalilova, Dzhuliia Sh, Mirkasymov, Aziz B., Nikitin, Petr I., Ivanov, Ilya N., Nikitin, Maxim P., Yaremenko, Alexey V., Pechnikova, Nadezhda A., Melikov, Roman O.

2022

Overview

Magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in biomedicine for MRI imaging and anemia treatment. The aging of these nanomaterials in vivo may lead to gradual diminishing of their contrast properties and inducing toxicity. Here, we describe observation of the full lifecycle of 40-nm magnetic particles from their injection to the complete degradation in vivo and associated impact on the organism. We found that in 2 h the nanoparticles were eliminated from the bloodstream, but their initial biodistribution changed over time. In 1 week, a major part of the nanoparticles was transferred to the liver and spleen, where they degraded with a half-life of 21 days. MRI and a magnetic spectral approach revealed preservation of contrast in these organs for more than 1 month. The particle degradation led to the increased number of red blood cells and blood hemoglobin level due to released iron without causing any toxicity in tissues. We also observed an increase in gene expression level of Fe-associated proteins such as transferrin, DMT1, and ferroportin in the liver in response to the iron particle degradation. A deeper understanding of the organism response to the particle degradation can bring new directions to the field of MRI contrast agent design.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Aging / Anemia / Biocompatibility / Biodegradation / Biodistribution / Biomedical materials / Biotechnology / Biotransformation / Chemical properties / Chemistry / Chemistry and Materials Science / Contrast agents / Contrast Media / Degradation / Divalent metal transporter-1 / Erythrocytes / Gene expression / Health aspects / Hemoglobin / Iron / Iron in the body / Laboratory animals / Life cycle analysis / Liver / Magnetic materials / Magnetic nanoparticles / Magnetic resonance imaging / Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods / Magnetics / Magnetite Nanoparticles - toxicity / Medical research / Medicine, Experimental / Metabolism / Metabolites / Molecular Medicine / Mononuclear phagocyte system / Nanomaterials / Nanoparticle degradation / Nanoparticles / Nanotechnology / Pharmacokinetics / Physiological aspects / Proteins / Sinuses / Tissue Distribution / Toxicity / Transferrin / Transferrins