Journal Article

Role of Acetic Acid and Nitric Oxide against Salinity and Lithium Stress in Canola (Brassica napus L.)

Dawood, Mona F. A., Abdel Latef, Arafat Abdel Hamed, Sohag, Abdullah Al Mamun, Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Md

2023

Overview

In this study, canola (Brassica napus L.) seedlings were treated with individual and combined salinity and lithium (Li) stress, with and without acetic acid (AA) or nitric acid (NO), to investigate their possible roles against these stresses. Salinity intensified Li-induced damage, and the principal component analysis revealed that this was primarily driven by increased oxidative stress, deregulation of sodium and potassium accumulation, and an imbalance in tissue water content. However, pretreatment with AA and NO prompted growth, re-established sodium and potassium homeostasis, and enhanced the defense system against oxidative and nitrosative damage by triggering the antioxidant capacity. Combined stress negatively impacted phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, affecting flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanin levels, which were then restored in canola plants primed with AA and NO. Additionally, AA and NO helped to maintain osmotic balance by increasing trehalose and proline levels and upregulating signaling molecules such as hydrogen sulfide, γ-aminobutyric acid, and salicylic acid. Both AA and NO improved Li detoxification by increasing phytochelatins and metallothioneins, and reducing glutathione contents. Comparatively, AA exerted more effective protection against the detrimental effects of combined stress than NO. Our findings offer novel perspectives on the impacts of combining salt and Li stress.

• Publisher: MDPI AG,MDPI
• Subject: Acetic acid / Acids / Ammonia / Anthocyanin / Anthocyanins / antioxidant activity / antioxidant system / Antioxidants / Botanical research / Brassica / Brassica napus / Canola / Carotenoids / Combined stress / Crops / Deregulation / Detoxification / Electrolytes / Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid / exogenous chemicals / Flavonoids / Glutathione / Hardiness / heavy metal stress / Heavy metals / Homeostasis / Hydrogen sulfide / Impact damage / Isoflavones / Lithium / Metabolites / Metallothioneins / Moisture content / Morphology / Nitric acid / Nitric oxide / Oxidative stress / Phenylalanine / phenylalanine ammonia-lyase / Physiological aspects / Phytochelatins / Plant growth / Plants / Potassium / principal component analysis / Principal components analysis / Proline / Rape plants / Salicylic acid / Salinity / Salinity effects / salt stress / Salt stress (Botany) / Seedlings / Sodium / Trehalose / Water content / γ-Aminobutyric acid