Journal Article

Autism Spectrum Disorder in the DSM-5: Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity in Early Childhood

Tonge, Bruce J., Gray, Kylie M., Christiansz, Jessica A., Taffe, John

2016

Overview

Changes to the DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) criteria raised concerns among parents and practitioners that the criteria may exclude some children with Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD). Few studies have examined DSM-5 sensitivity and specificity in children less than 5 years of age. This study evaluated 185 children aged 20–55 months with DSM-IV PDD or developmental delay. Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised (ADI-R) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) data was assigned to DSM-5 subdomains. Children displaying the required symptomatology were classified with DSM-5 ASD. DSM-IV clinical diagnoses were compared to DSM-5 classifications. Using combined ADI-R/ADOS information, sensitivity was .84 and specificity was .54. Comorbid behaviour and emotional problems were significantly lower in children with PDD that did not meet DSM-5 criteria.

• Publisher: Springer US,Springer,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Affective Symptoms - classification / Affective Symptoms - diagnosis / Affective Symptoms - psychology / Age / Algorithms / Autism / Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule / Autism Spectrum Disorder - classification / Autism Spectrum Disorder - diagnosis / Autism Spectrum Disorder - psychology / Autism Spectrum Disorders / Autistic children / Behavior / Behavior Patterns / Behavior problems / Behavioral Science and Psychology / Child / Child & adolescent psychiatry / Child and School Psychology / Child Behavior Disorders - classification / Child Behavior Disorders - diagnosis / Child Behavior Disorders - psychology / Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - classification / Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - diagnosis / Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - psychology / Child, Preschool / Children / Classification / Clinical Diagnosis / Coding / Communication / Communication Disorders / Comorbidity / Criteria / Developmental Delays / Developmental disabilities / Developmentally delayed children / Diagnosis / Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders / Diagnostic Tests / Early Childhood Education / Emotional behavior / Emotional disturbances / Emotional Problems / Emotional-Behavioural problems / Female / Humans / Hyperactivity / Infant / Intellectual disabilities / Intellectual Disability / Interpersonal Relationship / Interviews / Language Impairments / Male / Mathematics / Medical diagnosis / Mental Health Programs / Meta Analysis / Neurosciences / Nosology / Observation / Original Paper / Pediatrics / Pervasive Developmental Disorders / Preschool children / Psychiatry / Psychological Patterns / Psychology / Public Health / Rating Scales / Resistance (Psychology) / Sensitivity and Specificity / Social interaction / Studies / Symptoms (Individual Disorders) / Systematic review / Young Children