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Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells toward chondrocytes
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Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells toward chondrocytes
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Journal Article
Directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells toward chondrocytes
2010
Overview
Degeneration of articular cartilage in the joints may be amenable to tissue engineering solutions. Oldershaw
et al
. present an efficient, chemically defined protocol for differentiating human ES cells to chondrocyte-like cells.
We report a chemically defined, efficient, scalable and reproducible protocol for differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) toward chondrocytes. HESCs are directed through intermediate developmental stages using substrates of known matrix proteins and chemically defined media supplemented with exogenous growth factors. Gene expression analysis suggests that the hESCs progress through primitive streak or mesendoderm to mesoderm, before differentiating into a chondrocytic culture comprising cell aggregates. At this final stage, 74% (HUES1 cells) and up to 95–97% (HUES7 and HUES8 cells) express the chondrogenic transcription factor SOX9. The cell aggregates also express cell surface CD44 and aggrecan and deposit a sulfated glycosaminoglycan and cartilage-specific collagen II matrix, but show very low or no expression of genes and proteins associated with nontarget cell types. Our protocol should facilitate studies of chondrocyte differentiation and of cell replacement therapies for cartilage repair.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ Animals
/ Biological and medical sciences
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Biomedical Engineering/Biotechnology
/ Embryonic Stem Cells - cytology
/ Embryonic Stem Cells - metabolism
/ Fluorescent Antibody Technique
/ Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
/ Glycosaminoglycans - metabolism
/ Growth
/ Health. Pharmaceutical industry
/ Humans
/ Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
/ Mice
/ Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology
/ Pluripotent Stem Cells - metabolism
/ Proteins
