Journal Article

Comparing the performance of dengue virus IgG and IgG-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in seroprevalence study

Yen-Chia Lin, Jih-Jin Tsai, Ping-Chang Lin, Ching-Yi Tsai, Chun-Hong Chen, Celia Pedroso, Wei-Kung Wang, Wen-Yang Tsai, Yu-Ching Dai, Carlos Brites

2023

Overview

Background Dengue virus (DENV) is the leading cause of arboviral diseases in humans worldwide. Currently Dengvaxia, the first dengue vaccine licensed in 20 countries, was recommended for DENV seropositive individuals aged 9–45 years. Studying dengue seroprevalence can improve our understanding of the epidemiology and transmission dynamics of DENV, and facilitate future intervention strategies and assessment of vaccine efficacy. Several DENV envelope protein-based serological tests including IgG and IgG-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been employed in seroprevalence studies. Previously DENV IgG-capture ELISA was reported to distinguish primary and secondary DENV infections during early convalescence, however, its performance over time and in seroprevalence study remains understudied. Methods In this study, we used well-documented neutralization test- or reverse-transcription-polymerase-chain reaction-confirmed serum/plasma samples including DENV-naïve, primary and secondary DENV, primary West Nile virus, primary Zika virus, and Zika with previous DENV infection panels to compare the performance of three ELISAs. Results The sensitivity of the InBios IgG ELISA was higher than that of InBios IgG-capture and SD IgG-capture ELISAs. The sensitivity of IgG-capture ELISAs was higher for secondary than primary DENV infection panel. Within the secondary DENV infection panel, the sensitivity of InBios IgG-capture ELISA decreased from 77.8% at < 6 months to 41.7% at 1–1.5 years, 28.6% at 2–15 years and 0% at > 20 years (p < 0.001, Cochran-Armitage test for trend), whereas that of IgG ELISA remains 100%. A similar trend was observed for SD IgG-capture ELISA. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate higher sensitivity of DENV IgG ELISA than IgG-capture ELISA in seroprevalence study and interpretation of DENV IgG-capture ELISA should take sampling time and primary or secondary DENV infection into consideration.

• Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC,BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Antibodies / Antigens / Care and treatment / Convalescence / Dengue / Dengue fever / Dengue Virus / Dengue viruses / Diagnosis / Dosage and administration / ELISA / Encephalitis / Env protein / Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Enzymes / Epidemiology / Health aspects / Humans / IgG-capture ELISA / Immunoassays / Immunoglobulin G / Infection / Infectious and parasitic diseases / Infectious Diseases / Internal Medicine / Medical Microbiology / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Neutralization / Neutralization Tests / Parasitology / Plasma / Polymerase chain reaction / Proteins / RC109-216 / Sensitivity / Seroepidemiologic Studies / Serological tests / Serology / Seroprevalence / Testing / Tropical diseases / Tropical Medicine / Vaccine efficacy / Vaccines / Vector-borne diseases / Viral envelope proteins / Viruses / West Nile fever / West Nile virus / Zika Virus / Zika Virus Infection