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Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication in vitro
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Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication in vitro
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Journal Article
Iota-carrageenan neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and inhibits viral replication in vitro
2021
Overview
In the absence of a vaccine and other effective prophylactic or therapeutic countermeasures the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains a significant public health threat. Attachment and entry of coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 is mainly mediated by the spike glycoprotein. Here, we show that iota-carrageenan can inhibit the cell entry of the SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus in a dose dependent manner. SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus particles were efficiently neutralized with an IC 50 value of 2.6 μg/ml iota-carrageenan. Experiments with patient isolated wild type SARS-CoV-2 virus showed an inhibition of replication in a similar range. In vitro data on iota-carrageenan against various Rhino- and endemic Coronaviruses showed similar IC 50 values and translated readily into clinical effectiveness when a nasal spray containing iota-carrageenan demonstrated a reduction of severity and duration of symptoms of common cold caused by various respiratory viruses. Accordingly, our in vitro data on SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped lentivirus and replication competent SARS-CoV-2 suggest that administration of iota-carrageenan may be an effective and safe prophylaxis or treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Antibodies, Viral - immunology
/ Antiviral Agents - pharmacology
/ Dilution
/ Editing
/ Funding
/ Humans
/ Medicine and health sciences
/ Polymers
/ Reviews
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome
/ Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
/ Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology
/ Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - metabolism
/ Virology
/ Virus Internalization - drug effects
/ Virus Replication - drug effects
/ Viruses
