Journal Article

Association between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in Taiwan: A Population-Based Study from 2003 to 2012

Chien-Yeh Hsu, Hsiao Hsien Rau, Patrick Opiyo Owili, Miriam Adoyo Muga, Jane C.J. Chao

2016

Overview

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and loss of disability-adjusted life years in developed countries. This study derived a dietary pattern using an a priori method and additionally derived dietary patterns using a posteriori methods, and assessed the relationship with CVD risk factors in Taiwanese middle-aged and elderly adults. Cross-sectional analyses of 62,965 subjects aged 40 years and above from the Mei Jau (MJ) database collected between 2003 and 2012 in Taiwan. Diet was assessed using a 22 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Using this information, three dietary patterns were generated. The a priori diet was labeled the Taiwanese dietary pattern and was derived using hypothesized effect of 22 food groups, while two a posteriori dietary patterns, \"vegi-fruits\" and \"meat-processed\", were derived using principal component analysis. The association between dietary patterns and a range of CVD risk factors (i.e. blood lipids, blood glucose and C-reactive protein) was evaluated using linear regression. The results showed that high intake (Q5, quintile 5) of Taiwanese diet was negatively associated with CVD risk factors at (p < 0.001, model 3), but not with triacylglycerol. In addition, high intake of vegi-fruit dietary pattern (Q5) was negatively associated with CVD risk factors (p < 0.001), but not with high-density lipoprotein, while high consumption of meat-processed dietary pattern (Q5) was positively associated with CVD risk factors (p < 0.001), but negatively related with triacylglycerol in Q3 level and no association with C-reactive protein. A negative association was observed between Taiwanese or vegi-fruit dietary patterns and CVD risk factors, while a positive association was found between meat-processed dietary pattern and CVD risk factors. The findings suggested that a diet rich in vegetables and fruits has a beneficial effect in the management of CVD risk factors.

• Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS),Public Library of Science
• Subject: 15 / Adult / Adults / Aged / Biology and Life Sciences / Blood / Blood Glucose / Blood Glucose - metabolism / C-Reactive Protein / C-Reactive Protein - metabolism / Cardiovascular disease / Cardiovascular Diseases / Cardiovascular Diseases - blood / Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology / Chronic illnesses / Cross-Sectional Studies / Demographic aspects / Developed countries / Diet / Female / Food groups / Food habits / Fruits / Geriatrics / Health aspects / Health risk assessment / Health risks / Humans / Lipids / Lipids - blood / Male / Meat / Medicine / Medicine and Health Sciences / Middle Aged / Nutrition research / Older people / Physical Sciences / Population studies / Population-based studies / Principal components analysis / Q / R / Regression analysis / Research and Analysis Methods / Research Article / Risk analysis / Risk Factors / Risk management / Science / Taiwan / Taiwan - epidemiology / Triglycerides / Vegetables