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Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a Candidate Lineage Within the Rhinolophus macrotis Group
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Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a Candidate Lineage Within the Rhinolophus macrotis Group
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Journal Article
Integrative Taxonomy Reveals a Candidate Lineage Within the Rhinolophus macrotis Group
2026
Overview
Accurate species delimitation is fundamental yet challenging, particularly in recently diverged, phenotypically conservative taxa such as bats. The \"
group\" represents one of the most taxonomically contentious groups among horseshoe bats. During field surveys in Southwest China, we discovered an unidentified
sp. occurring sympatrically with
and
, sharing broad morphological affinities with recognized species of the \"
group.\" To explore its taxonomic status, we employed an integrative approach combining morphological, acoustic, and multi-locus genetic (mitogenomic and nuclear) data. Phenotypically,
sp. closely resembles
but can be distinguished by its divergent echolocation resting frequency. Genetically, while mitochondrial data deeply nested
sp. within
with a shallow divergence time, phylogenies based on two nuclear introns positioned it closer to two other species,
and
. Species delimitation based on these genetic markers revealed a pattern of mitochondrial subdivision contrasted by overly conservative nuclear signals. Such mito-nuclear discordance suggests a complex evolutionary history that complicates taxonomic assignments. Given that only three specimens of
sp. were available, which precludes a robust assessment of intraspecific variation, we provisionally designate it as a candidate lineage within the \"
group,\" warranting future validation with additional comprehensive evidence. This study highlights the indispensable utility of integrative taxonomy in uncovering hidden diversity and provides insights into chiropteran evolutionary history.
