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Alkyl-aromatic-modified phenolic binders for high-performance wood waste bıofuel brıquettes
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Alkyl-aromatic-modified phenolic binders for high-performance wood waste bıofuel brıquettes
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Journal Article
Alkyl-aromatic-modified phenolic binders for high-performance wood waste bıofuel brıquettes
2026
Overview
The utilization of wood waste for the production of solid biofuels is an important route toward sustainable energy and waste valorization. In this work, a modified phenol–formaldehyde resin (MPFR), synthesized by polycondensation of phenol and formaldehyde with an alkyl-aromatic fraction of catalytic cracking gas oil in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst, was investigated as an efficient binder for biomass-based fuel briquettes. Beech and pine sawdust were used as fillers, and briquettes were produced by hot pressing at pressures of 50–150 MPa and temperatures of 50 - 100 °C with binder contents of 0.5–1.0 wt.%. The influence of binder content and biomass particle size on density, compressive strength, ignition behavior, combustion duration, calorific value, and ash content was systematically studied. The obtained briquettes exhibited densities of 1.4–2.0 g/cm³, compressive strength of 2.2–3.5 MPa, calorific values of 9300–11000 kcal/kg, and combustion times of 16.3–26 min. Increasing the MPFR content and optimizing sawdust particle size significantly improved mechanical integrity and combustion performance compared with binder-free briquettes. Moisture uptake tests over three months showed less than 1% mass increase, indicating good storage stability. The results demonstrate that modified phenolic resin is an effective binder for producing high-performance biomass fuel briquettes from wood waste and offers a promising route for waste-to-energy applications.
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