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Human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection: a review and pandemic riskassessment
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Human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection: a review and pandemic riskassessment
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Human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection: a review and pandemic riskassessment
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Journal Article
Human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection: a review and pandemic riskassessment
2013
Overview
China is undergoing a recent outbreak of a novel H7N9 avian influenza virus (nH7N9)infection that has thus far involved 132 human patients, including 37 deaths. The nH7N9virus is a reassortant virus originating from the H7N3, H7N9 and H9N2 avian influenzaviruses. nH7N9 isolated from humans contains features related to adaptation to humans,including a Q226L mutation in the hemagglutinin cleavage site and E627K and D701Nmutations in the PB2 protein. Live poultry markets provide an environment for theemergence, spread and maintenance of nH7N9 as well as for the selection of mutants thatfacilitate nH7N9 binding to and replication in the human upper respiratory tract. Innateimmune suppression conferred by the internal genes of H9N2 may contribute to the virulenceof nH7N9. The quail may serve as the intermediate host during the adaptation of avianinfluenza viruses from domestic waterfowl to gallinaceous poultry, such as chickens andrelated terrestrial-based species, due to the selection of viral mutants with a shortneuraminidase stalk. Infections in chickens, common quails, red-legged partridges andturkeys may select for mutants with human receptor specificity. Infection inRatitae species may lead to the selection of PB2-E627K and PB2-D701Nmutants and the conversion of nH7N9 to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.
Publisher
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subject
