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TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) AND BOTFLY WARBLE (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) INFESTATION PARAMETERS ON BIG-EARED WOODRATS (NEOTOMA MACROTIS) IN A CALIFORNIA OAK WOODLAND
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TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) AND BOTFLY WARBLE (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) INFESTATION PARAMETERS ON BIG-EARED WOODRATS (NEOTOMA MACROTIS) IN A CALIFORNIA OAK WOODLAND
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TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) AND BOTFLY WARBLE (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) INFESTATION PARAMETERS ON BIG-EARED WOODRATS (NEOTOMA MACROTIS) IN A CALIFORNIA OAK WOODLAND
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Journal Article
TICKS (ACARI: IXODIDAE) AND BOTFLY WARBLE (DIPTERA: OESTRIDAE) INFESTATION PARAMETERS ON BIG-EARED WOODRATS (NEOTOMA MACROTIS) IN A CALIFORNIA OAK WOODLAND
2025
Overview
Understanding host-ectoparasite relationships can inform the conservation and management of host species and their potential role in the transmission of zoonotic pathogens. Although the dusky-footed woodrat (Neotoma fuscipes) is a recognized reservoir of several important vector-borne disease agents in California, it remains unknown whether its sister species, the big-eared woodrat (N. macrotis), serves a similar role. To evaluate the effects of season (spring and fall) and host-associated attributes on ectoparasite infestations, we counted ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and botfly warbles (Diptera: Oestridae) on big-eared woodrats live-trapped in central-coastal California oak woodland during 2005-2013. We detected these parasites on 13.5% (n = 589) of the 4,367 individual woodrats that we captured. Tick and warble intensity (number per woodrat) and prevalence (proportion of woodrats infected) were higher on male than female woodrats. Adults hosted 2.5 times more ticks and a third higher prevalence of ticks than juvenile woodrats. In sharp contrast, botfly warble intensity and prevalence were six times greater on juveniles. Additionally, the smallest juveniles (50-90 g) hosted the most warbles whereas the largest adults (215-343 g) harbored the most ticks. During our study, tick intensity and prevalence were higher on big-eared woodrats in spring whereas these metrics were higher for warbles in fall. The big-eared woodrat might play an important role as a reservoir host of zoonotic disease agents in Southern California oak woodlands.
