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Conserved pathogenesis of ancestral and contemporary Oropouche virus strains in a murine pregnancy model
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Conserved pathogenesis of ancestral and contemporary Oropouche virus strains in a murine pregnancy model
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Conserved pathogenesis of ancestral and contemporary Oropouche virus strains in a murine pregnancy model
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Journal Article
Conserved pathogenesis of ancestral and contemporary Oropouche virus strains in a murine pregnancy model
2026
Overview
Oropouche virus (OROV) is an emerging orthobunyavirus responsible for widespread outbreaks across South and Central America. Recent reports of congenital disease have raised urgent concerns regarding the potential risk of OROV infection during pregnancy. Here, we establish an in vivo murine model of OROV vertical transmission using the ancestral (prototype) strain BeAn19991 in immunocompetent C57BL/6 J mice. We demonstrate that OROV robustly replicates in maternal tissues and efficiently infects the placenta. Complementary studies in human trophoblast-derived cell lines demonstrate conserved placental tropism across both the ancestral strain and a contemporary (outbreak) isolate, supporting the translational relevance of our findings. Notably, comparison of ancestral and contemporary viruses indicates that placental infection is not a recently acquired property of OROV. Further, offspring born to infected dams exhibit maternally derived neutralizing antibodies and transient protection upon postnatal challenge. Together, these findings, considered alongside emerging epidemiological evidence, identify pregnancy as a critical context for OROV infection and underscore the need to evaluate risks to pregnant individuals in endemic regions.
Oropouche virus (OROV) is an emerging virus in Latin America. Here the authors show in a mouse model that OROV infects the placenta and can reach the fetus during pregnancy, a conserved feature across ancestral and recent strains that highlights emerging risks to maternal and fetal health.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 14/32
/ Animals
/ Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
/ Antibodies, Viral - immunology
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - immunology
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - transmission
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - virology
/ Female
/ Fetuses
/ Genomes
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Humans
/ Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
/ Liver
/ Mice
/ Orthobunyavirus - immunology
/ Orthobunyavirus - pathogenicity
/ Orthobunyavirus - physiology
/ Placenta
/ Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - immunology
/ Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - virology
/ Science
/ Spleen
/ Tropism
/ Vertical transmission (disease)
/ Viruses
