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Prevalence of intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice and effectiveness of aqueous extracts from carob pods, Moringa oleifera, and Artemisia alba on the zoonotic parasite Hymenolepis diminuta infection
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Prevalence of intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice and effectiveness of aqueous extracts from carob pods, Moringa oleifera, and Artemisia alba on the zoonotic parasite Hymenolepis diminuta infection
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Prevalence of intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice and effectiveness of aqueous extracts from carob pods, Moringa oleifera, and Artemisia alba on the zoonotic parasite Hymenolepis diminuta infection
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Journal Article
Prevalence of intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice and effectiveness of aqueous extracts from carob pods, Moringa oleifera, and Artemisia alba on the zoonotic parasite Hymenolepis diminuta infection
2025
Overview
Background
Humans may inadvertently acquire infections from the tapeworm
Hymenolepis diminuta
, leading to gastrointestinal complications. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the occurrence of intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice. It then evaluated the effectiveness of aqueous extracts of carob pods (
Ceratonia siliqua
),
Moringa oleifera
, and
Artemisia alba
, and/or silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in treating
Hymenolepis diminuta
infection.
Methods
Fecal samples from 125 lab. rats and mice (72 rats and 53 mice) were analyzed under a microscope. Then in the second part of the study, 120 laboratory male albino mice were used to evaluate the effectiveness of AgNPs alone or in combination with aqueous extracts of carob pods,
Moringa oleifera
, and
Artemisia alba
in treating
H. diminuta
infection.
Results
Parasitological investigations revealed an overall prevalence of intestinal parasites at 37.60%, with rats showing 36.11% and mice at 39.62%. The most common ones found in rats was
Hymenolepis diminuta
, but in mice,
Giardia intestinalis
was the most prevalent. The results of the second part showed that the use of these treatments significantly reduced, and in some cases completely stopped, the release of
H. diminuta
eggs in the feces of mice when they were treated with
Artemisia alba
aqueous extract loaded AgNPs.
Conclusion
H. diminuta
and
G. intestinalis
are common intestinal parasites in laboratory rats and mice, posing zoonotic risks. Aqueous extracts from carob pods,
Moringa oleifera
,
Artemisia alba
, along with AgNPs, exhibit antiparasitic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects against
H. diminuta
, with minimal effects on the intestines.
Publisher
Springer International Publishing,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
/ Animals
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Ecology
/ Feces
/ Hymenolepiasis - drug therapy
/ Hymenolepiasis - epidemiology
/ Hymenolepiasis - parasitology
/ Hymenolepis diminuta - drug effects
/ Hymenolepis diminuta - isolation & purification
/ Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - drug therapy
/ Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - epidemiology
/ Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - parasitology
/ Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic - veterinary
/ Leaves
/ Male
/ Mice
/ Moringa oleifera - chemistry
/ Plant Extracts - pharmacology
/ Plant Extracts - therapeutic use
/ Protozoa
/ Rats
/ Silver
/ Zoonoses
