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Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
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Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
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Journal Article
Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
2011
Overview
Considerable attention has been given in the past few years to two-dimensional electron gases formed at the interface between two bulk insulators. It is now shown that a similar electronic system can be created on the surface of an oxide insulator simply by exposure to UV light.
Many-body interactions in transition-metal oxides give rise to a wide range of functional properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity
1
, colossal magnetoresistance
2
or multiferroicity
3
. The seminal recent discovery of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface of the insulating oxides LaAlO
3
and SrTiO
3
(ref.
4
) represents an important milestone towards exploiting such properties in all-oxide devices
5
. This conducting interface shows a number of appealing properties, including a high electron mobility
4
,
6
, superconductivity
7
and large magnetoresistance
8
, and can be patterned on the few-nanometre length scale. However, the microscopic origin of the interface 2DEG is poorly understood. Here, we show that a similar 2DEG, with an electron density as large as 8×10
13
cm
−2
, can be formed at the bare SrTiO
3
surface. Furthermore, we find that the 2DEG density can be controlled through exposure of the surface to intense ultraviolet light. Subsequent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements reveal an unusual coexistence of a light quasiparticle mass and signatures of strong many-body interactions.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
