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Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in wild caught vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for elimination of lymphatic filariasis
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Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in wild caught vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for elimination of lymphatic filariasis
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Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in wild caught vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for elimination of lymphatic filariasis
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Journal Article
Detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in wild caught vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for elimination of lymphatic filariasis
2024
Overview
Background
Transmission Assessment Survey (TAS) is the WHO recommended method used for decision-making to stop or continue the MDA in lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination programme. The WHO has also recommended Molecular Xenomonitoring (MX) of LF infection in vectors as an adjunct tool in settings under post-MDA or validation period. Screening of non-vectors by MX in post-MDA / validation settings could be useful to prevent a resurgence of LF infection, as there might be low abundance of vectors, especially in some seasons. In this study, we investigated the presence of LF infection in non-vectors in an area endemic for LF and has undergone many rounds of annual MDA with two drugs (Diethylcarbamazine and Albendazole, DA) and two rounds of triple drug regimens (Ivermectin + DA).
Methods and results
Mosquitoes were collected from selected villages of Yadgir district in Karnataka state, India, during 2019. A total of 680 female mosquitoes were collected, identified morphologically by species and separated as pools. The female mosquitoes belonging to 3 species viz.,
Anopheles subpictus, Culex gelidus
and
Culex quinquefaciatus
were separated, pooled, and the DNA extracted using less expensive method and followed by LDR based real-time PCR assay for detecting
Wuchereria bancrofti
infection in vector as well as non-vector mosquitoes. One pool out of 6 pools of
An. subpictus
, 2 pools out of 6 pools of
Cx. gelidus
, and 4 pools out of 8 pools of
Cx. quinquefaciatus
were found to be positive for
W. bancrofti
infection by RT-PCR. The infection rate in vectors and non-vectors was found to be 1.8% (95% CI: 0.5–4.2%) and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.2–2.3%), respectively.
Conclusions
Our study showed that non-vectors also harbour
W. bancrofti
, thus opening an opportunity of using these mosquitoes as surrogate vectors for assessing risk of transmission to humans in LF endemic and post MDA areas.
Publisher
Springer Netherlands,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
