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Rhizoctonia solani causes okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seedling damping-off in South China with biological characterization and fungicide sensitivity profiling
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Rhizoctonia solani causes okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seedling damping-off in South China with biological characterization and fungicide sensitivity profiling
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Journal Article
Rhizoctonia solani causes okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) seedling damping-off in South China with biological characterization and fungicide sensitivity profiling
2025
Overview
Okra (
Abelmoschus esculentus
(Linn.) Moench), a globally cultivated vegetable crop valued for its nutrient-rich pods, is facing emerging threats from seedling damping-off and blight in subtropical regions of South China. In 2022, fungal isolates representing five genera (
Trichoderma
,
Rhizoctonia
,
Rhizopus
,
Macrophomina
, and
Rhizomucor
) were obtained from symptomatic seedlings in Guangdong Province. The pathogenicity test revealed that three
Rhizoctonia
isolates (ACCC 35247, ACCC 35460 and ACCC 35461) could induce typical damping-off symptoms, inhibit seed germination and cause hypocotyl necrosis, consistent with symptoms observed under natural field conditions. Based on morphological and molecular characterization, along with phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region, the pathogen was identified as
Rhizoctonia solani
(teleomorph:
Thanatephorus cucumeris
(Frank) Donk). The mycelial and sclerotia lethal temperature of the pathogen was 45 °C and 48 °C respectively, and the optimal temperature (T
opt
) for mycelial growth was 28.22 °C. Sensitivity of the pathogen to seven fungicides was evaluated in vitro using a mycelial radial growth assay, the EC
50
values for each fungicide were estimated. According to the EC
50
values of seven fungicides, there was significant difference in the inhibitory effect of each fungicide on the pathogen, and the pathogen was most sensitive to trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole (1:2), with the mean EC
50
value being 0.43 mg·L
−1
. This study provides critical insights into the disease management of
R. solani
induced damping-off in okra.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
