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CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
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CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
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CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection

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CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection
Journal Article

CD8+ T cells induce cachexia during chronic viral infection

2019
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Overview
Cachexia represents a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in various cancers, chronic inflammation and infections. Understanding of the mechanisms that drive cachexia has remained limited, especially for infection-associated cachexia (IAC). In the present paper we describe a model of reversible cachexia in mice with chronic viral infection and identify an essential role for CD8 + T cells in IAC. Cytokines linked to cancer-associated cachexia did not contribute to IAC. Instead, virus-specific CD8 + T cells caused morphologic and molecular changes in the adipose tissue, which led to depletion of lipid stores. These changes occurred at a time point that preceded the peak of the CD8 + T cell response and required T cell–intrinsic type I interferon signaling and antigen-specific priming. Our results link systemic antiviral immune responses to adipose-tissue remodeling and reveal an underappreciated role of CD8 + T cells in IAC. Cachexia manifests in cancer, chronic inflammation and infections. Bergthaler and colleagues show that CD8 + T cells mediate infection-associated cachexia in a manner dependent on T cell–intrinsic type I IFN signaling and antigen recognition.