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Error-related brain activity as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and substance use disorder
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Error-related brain activity as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and substance use disorder
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Journal Article
Error-related brain activity as a transdiagnostic endophenotype for obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and substance use disorder
2019
Overview
Increased neural error-signals have been observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), anxiety disorders, and inconsistently in depression. Reduced neural error-signals have been observed in substance use disorders (SUD). Thus, alterations in error-monitoring are proposed as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. To strengthen this notion, data from unaffected individuals with a family history for the respective disorders are needed.
The error-related negativity (ERN) as a neural indicator of error-monitoring was measured during a flanker task from 117 OCD patients, 50 unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients, and 130 healthy comparison participants. Family history information indicated, that 76 healthy controls were free of a family history for psychopathology, whereas the remaining had first-degree relatives with depression (n = 28), anxiety (n = 27), and/or SUD (n = 27).
Increased ERN amplitudes were found in OCD patients and unaffected first-degree relatives of OCD patients. In addition, unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with anxiety disorders were also characterized by increased ERN amplitudes, whereas relatives of individuals with SUD showed reduced amplitudes.
Alterations in neural error-signals in unaffected first-degree relatives with a family history of OCD, anxiety, or SUD support the utility of the ERN as a transdiagnostic endophenotype. Reduced neural error-signals may indicate vulnerability for under-controlled behavior and risk for substance use, whereas a harm- or error-avoidant response style and vulnerability for OCD and anxiety appears to be associated with increased ERN. This adds to findings suggesting a common neurobiological substrate across psychiatric disorders involving the anterior cingulate cortex and deficits in cognitive control.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Subject
/ Adult
/ Anxiety
/ Anxiety Disorders - diagnosis
/ Anxiety Disorders - genetics
/ Anxiety Disorders - physiopathology
/ Anxiety Disorders - psychology
/ Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
/ Brain
/ Contingent Negative Variation - physiology
/ Cortex
/ Female
/ History
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Obsessive compulsive disorder
/ Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - diagnosis
/ Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - genetics
/ Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - physiopathology
/ Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology
/ Original
/ Patients
/ Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis
/ Substance-Related Disorders - genetics
/ Substance-Related Disorders - physiopathology
