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β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity relationship and receptor recognition properties
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β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity relationship and receptor recognition properties
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Journal Article
β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity relationship and receptor recognition properties
2018
Overview
•β-glucans are biological response modifiers with rich sources and diverse structures.•Extensive studies of β-glucan have been carried out to demonstrate its adjuvant activity on anti-infection vaccination and anti-tumor therapy.•The immunoadjuvant effects of β-glucans are mainly depending on the recognition of specific receptors such as dectin-1 and CR3.
β-glucans, a group of polysaccharides exist in many organism species such as mushrooms, yeasts, oats, barley, seaweed, but not mammalians, have a variety of biological activities and applications in drugs and other healthcare products. In recent years, β-glucans have been studied as adjuvants in anti-infection vaccines as well as immunomodulators in anti-cancer immunotherapy. β-glucans can regulate immune responses when administered alone and can connect innate and adaptive immunity to improve immunogenicity of vaccines. When β-glucans act as immunostimulants or adjuvants, a set of receptors have been revealed to recognize β-glucans, including dectin-1, complement receptor 3 (CR3), CD5, lactosylceramide, and so on. Therefore, this review is mainly focused on the application of β-glucans as immune adjuvants, the receptors of β-glucans, as well as their structure and activity relationship which will benefit future research of β-glucans.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Adjuvant
/ Adjuvants, Immunologic - chemistry
/ Algae
/ Animals
/ Antigens
/ Barley
/ Bias
/ Cancer
/ Glucans
/ Glucose
/ Humans
/ Immunity
/ Lectins, C-Type - metabolism
/ Oats
/ Receptor
/ Seaweeds
/ Structure and activity relationship
/ Structure-Activity Relationship
/ structure-activity relationships
/ Vaccine
/ Vaccines
/ Yeast
/ yeasts
/ β-Glucan
