Journal Article

Diversified grain-based cropping systems provide long-term weed control while limiting herbicide use and yield losses

Agroécologie [Dijon] ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Carlesi, Stefano, Farcy, Pascal, Domaine expérimental d'Époisses - UE0115 U2E (DIJ EPOISSES) ; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institute of Life Sciences of Sant’Anna [Pisa] ; Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna = Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies [Pisa] (SSSUP), INRA; French Burgundy Region;French National Research Agency (ANR), Cordeau, Stéphane, Adeux, Guillaume, ANR-15-CE18-0007,MyCat,Le catabolisme de la paroi mycobactérienne: vers le développement de nouveaux inhibiteurs, Bàrberi, Paolo, ANR-15-IDEX-0003,BFC,ISITE " BFC, Munier-Jolain, Nicolas, Meunier, Dominique

2019

Overview

AbstractIntegrated weed management encourages long-term planning and targeted use of cultural strategies coherently combined at the cropping system scale. The transition towards such systems is challenged by a belief of lower productivity and higher weed pressure. Here, we hypothesize that diversifying the crop sequence and its associated weed management tools allow long-term agronomic sustainability (low herbicide use, efficient weed control, and high productivity). Four 6-year rotations with different constraints (S2: transition from reduced tillage to no-till, chemical weeding; S3: chemical weeding; S4: typical integrated weed management system; S5: mechanical weeding) were compared to a reference (S1: 3-year rotation, systematic ploughing, chemical weeding) in terms of herbicide use, weed management, and productivity over the 2000–2017 period. Weed density was measured before and after weeding. Crop and weed biomass were sampled at crop flowering. Compared to S1, herbicide use was reduced by 46, 65, and 99% in S3, S4, and S5 respectively. Herbicide use in S2 was maintained at the same level as S1 (− 9%), due to increased weed pressure and dependence to glyphosate for weed control during the fallow period of the no-till phase. Weed biomass was low across all cropping systems (0 to 5 g of dry matter m−2) but weed dynamics were stable over the 17 years in S1 and S4 only. Compared to S1, productivity at the cropping system scale was reduced by 22% in S2 and by 33% in S3. These differences were mainly attributed to a higher proportion of crops with low intrinsic productivity in S2 and S3. Through S4’s multiperformance, we show for the first time that low herbicide use, long-term weed management, and high crop productivity can be reconciled in grain-based cropping systems provided that a diversified crop rotation integrating a diverse suite of tactics (herbicides included) is implemented.

• Publisher: Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences/INRA,CCSD,Springer Paris,Springer Nature B.V
• Subject: Agricultural practices / Agricultural production / Agriculture / Agronomy / Barley / Biodiversity and Ecology / Biomass / Biomedical and Life Sciences / chemical weed control / Corn / Crop production / Crop rotation / Cropping sequence / Cropping systems / Crops / Design / Dry matter / Environmental Sciences / fallow / Farmers / Farms / Flowering / Glyphosate / Grain / Harvest / Herbicides / integrated weed management / Life Sciences / Long-term planning / Management / Management tools / mechanical weed control / no-tillage / Oilseeds / Organic chemistry / Pest control / planning / plant density / plowing / Precipitation / Pressure / Pressure dependence / Productivity / Rape plants / reduced tillage / Research Article / Soil Science & Conservation / Sorghum / Strategic planning / Sustainable Development / Tactics / Tillage / Weed control / Weeds / Wheat
• ISBN: 0004789003000