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In vivo evaluation of a cytochrome P450 gene from poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, as a vaccine antigen for chicks
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In vivo evaluation of a cytochrome P450 gene from poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, as a vaccine antigen for chicks
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Journal Article
In vivo evaluation of a cytochrome P450 gene from poultry red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, as a vaccine antigen for chicks
2026
Overview
Background
Dermanyssus gallinae
is a prevalent ectoparasite in the poultry farms, inflicting damage on chicken health through blood-sucking. Chemical acaricides commonly used for mite control often show reduced efficacy due to the development of resistance. Therefore, alternative control methods are needed, and vaccination is a promising strategy for controlling
D. gallinae
.
Methods
The mRNA expression of
Deg-CYP-3
in mites at various developmental stages, as well as under fed and starved conditions, was analyzed. Subsequently, recombinant protein rCYP-3 was induced, purified, and employed for immunization. Following immunization, antibodies were analyzed and mite challenge was then conducted. Following a 12 h period of blood-feeding on chicks, the mites were collected to evaluate the acaricidal efficacy of the rCYP-3 vaccine.
Results
The
Deg-CYP-3
gene was expressed across all life stages and maintained stable expression levels under both fed and starved conditions. The recombinant protein rCYP-3 was successfully expressed in
Escherichia coli
and efficiently secreted into the culture supernatant. Immunization with rCYP-3 induced a specific IgY immune response in chicks, as confirmed by ELISA. Moreover, anti-rCYP-3 serum specifically recognized P450 proteins extracted from
D. gallinae
, as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. Immunization resulted in an 8.1% reduction in adult mite survival (
P
> 0.05), whereas nymph survival decreased significantly by 22.4% (
P
< 0.01). In addition, oviposition rate, hatching rate, and fecundity were reduced by 2.8%, 2.2%, and 22.0%, respectively, in the immunized group. Overall, vaccine efficacy was calculated to be 30.6% in immunized birds. Furthermore, the expression level of Deg-CYP-3 in mites fed on immunized hosts was significantly lower than that in mites from the unimmunized control group.
Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that the
Deg-CYP-3
gene exhibits high transcriptional activity during both the adult and nymph stages of
D. gallinae
. Moreover, its expression remains consistent regardless of the feeding status of adult mites. Immunization with rCYP-3 effectively reduced mite survival, reproductive capacity, and gene expression levels, demonstrating its potential as a preventive and control strategy against
D. gallinae
.
Graphical Abstract
Publisher
BioMed Central,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Animals
/ Antigens
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ Blood
/ Chicks
/ Cloning
/ Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics
/ Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - immunology
/ E coli
/ Hatching
/ Mite Infestations - immunology
/ Mite Infestations - parasitology
/ Mite Infestations - prevention & control
/ Mite Infestations - veterinary
/ Mites
/ Nymphs
/ Poultry
/ Poultry Diseases - immunology
/ Poultry Diseases - parasitology
/ Poultry Diseases - prevention & control
/ Proteins
/ Recombinant Proteins - genetics
/ Recombinant Proteins - immunology
/ Survival
/ Vaccines
/ Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
/ Virology
