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Transmission of human-associated microbiota along family and social networks
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Transmission of human-associated microbiota along family and social networks
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Journal Article
Transmission of human-associated microbiota along family and social networks
2019
Overview
The human microbiome, described as an accessory organ because of the crucial functions it provides, is composed of species that are uniquely found in humans
1
,
2
. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the impact of routine interpersonal contacts in shaping microbiome composition. In a relatively ‘closed’ cohort of 287 people from the Fiji Islands, where common barriers to bacterial transmission are absent, we examine putative bacterial transmission in individuals’ gut and oral microbiomes using strain-level data from both core single-nucleotide polymorphisms and flexible genomic regions. We find a weak signal of transmission, defined by the inferred sharing of genotypes, across many organisms that, in aggregate, reveals strong transmission patterns, most notably within households and between spouses. We were unable to determine the directionality of transmission nor whether it was direct. We further find that women harbour strains more closely related to those harboured by their familial and social contacts than men, and that transmission patterns of oral-associated and gut-associated microbiota need not be the same. Using strain-level data alone, we are able to confidently predict a subset of spouses, highlighting the role of shared susceptibilities, behaviours or social interactions that distinguish specific links in the social network.
Strain-level analysis of gut and oral microbiomes from individuals living in the Fiji Islands identified shared genomes particularly within households, indicating potential microbial transmission within social networks.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
