Journal Article

Molecular and metabolomic changes in the proximal colon of pigs infected with Trichuris suis

Dawson, Harry D., Chen, Celine, Li, Robert W., Hill, Dolores E., Shea-Donohue, Terez, Kringel, Helene, Bell, Lauren Nicole, Beshah, Ethiopia, Urban, Joseph F.

2020

Overview

The pig whipworm Trichuris suis is important in swine production because of its negative effects on pig performance and, notably, to some humans with inflammatory bowel disease as a therapeutic agent that modulates inflammation. The proximal colon of T. suis -infected pigs exhibited general inflammation around day 21 after inoculation with infective eggs that is transcriptionally characterized by markers of type-2 immune activation, inflammation, cellular infiltration, tissue repair enzymes, pathways of oxidative stress, and altered intestinal barrier function. Prominent gene pathways involved the Th2-response, de novo cholesterol synthesis, fructose and glucose metabolism, basic amino acid metabolism, and bile acid transport. Upstream regulatory factor analysis implicated the bile acid/farnesoid X receptor in some of these processes. Metabolic analysis indicated changes in fatty acids, antioxidant capacity, biochemicals related to methylation, protein glycosylation, extracellular matrix structure, sugars, Krebs cycle intermediates, microbe-derived metabolites and altered metabolite transport. Close to 1,200 differentially expressed genes were modulated in the proximal colon of pigs with a persistent adult worm infection that was nearly 90% lower in pigs that had expelled worms. The results support a model to test diets that favorably alter the microbiome and improve host intestinal health in both pigs and humans exposed to Trichuris .

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
• Subject: 631/250/255/1715 / 631/250/347 / absorption barrier / Amino acids / Amino Acids - metabolism / Animals / antibody specificity / antioxidant activity / Antioxidants / Bile Acids and Salts - metabolism / biomarkers / cecum / Cholesterol / Cholesterol - biosynthesis / Colon / Colon - immunology / Colon - metabolism / Eggs / enzymes / Extracellular matrix / Factor analysis / fatty acid composition / Fatty acids / Fatty Acids - metabolism / Fructose - metabolism / gastrointestinal nematodes / gene expression / gene expression regulation / Glucose - metabolism / Glycosylation / helminth antibodies / Hogs / Humanities and Social Sciences / Humans / Immune response / Inflammation / Inflammatory bowel diseases / Inoculation / Intermediates / Intestine / Lymphocytes T / Metabolism / Metabolites / metabolome / Metabolomics / methylation / mice / microbiome / Microbiomes / multidisciplinary / outbred lines / Oxidative Stress / parasite load / physiological transport / Protein structure / Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism / Science / Science (multidisciplinary) / secondary metabolites / sugars / Swine / swine diseases / Swine Diseases - immunology / Swine Diseases - metabolism / Swine production / Th2 Cells - immunology / tissue repair / Transcription / transcription (genetics) / Tricarboxylic acid cycle / trichuriasis / Trichuriasis - immunology / Trichuriasis - metabolism / Trichuriasis - veterinary / Trichuris suis