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Immune response after one dose of HPV vaccine among girls and boys and the impact of a second dose given after 3 or more years
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Immune response after one dose of HPV vaccine among girls and boys and the impact of a second dose given after 3 or more years
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Journal Article
Immune response after one dose of HPV vaccine among girls and boys and the impact of a second dose given after 3 or more years
2025
Overview
Initially approved as a three-dose regimen, evolving evidence has supported the efficacy of reduced-dose schedules. Single-dose HPV vaccine data among males remain scarce. This study assesses the persistence of antibodies against HPV16/18 following a single HPV vaccine dose and the immune response to a subsequent delayed dose administered at least three years later in girls and boys.
This single-group descriptive study involved youth from the Quebec City area, Canada, who received a single dose of 4vHPV (girls) or 9vHPV (boys) as part of the public school-based vaccination program. A blood sample was collected 3–10 years post-initial vaccination. Girls and boys then received one 9vHPV or 2vHPV booster dose, respectively, and had a second blood draw one month later. Serological assays were conducted using M9ELISA.
Four years after the initial 9vHPV dose, among 141 boys aged 12 to 14 years 96.5 % and 97.9 % had detectable antibodies against HPV16 and HPV18, respectively. Among girls aged 13 to 24 years vaccinated 3–10 years prior with one 4vHPV dose, 95.0 % (HPV16) and 93.3 % (HPV18) had detectable antibodies. One-month post-second dose administration, all participants were seropositive for HPV16/18, with significant increases in geometric mean concentrations (GMCs).
A single dose induces a strong and lasting immune response in girls (4vHPV) and boys (9vHPV), with a significant antibody anamnestic boost following a second dose administered several years later. These findings indicate the potential for a single-dose or a delayed booster strategy in both sexes, and support studies showing effectiveness of single-dose schedules.
The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT 03431246).
•Single-dose HPV vaccination induces long-lasting immunogenicity in boys and girls.•High antibody persistence for HPV16/18 observed up to 3–10 years after one dose.•Delayed bivalent or nonavalent HPV booster dose increases antibody concentrations.•The study shows the potential for a single-dose or a delayed booster strategy.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Blood
/ Boys
/ Child
/ Female
/ Females
/ Girls
/ Human papillomavirus 16 - immunology
/ Human papillomavirus 18 - immunology
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Papillomavirus Infections - immunology
/ Papillomavirus Infections - prevention & control
/ Papillomavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Papillomavirus Vaccines - immunology
/ Quebec
/ Vaccines
/ Youth
