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Journal Article
Increasing the resilience of plant immunity to a warming climate
2022
Overview
Extreme weather conditions associated with climate change affect many aspects of plant and animal life, including the response to infectious diseases. Production of salicylic acid (SA), a central plant defence hormone
1
–
3
, is particularly vulnerable to suppression by short periods of hot weather above the normal plant growth temperature range via an unknown mechanism
4
–
7
. Here we show that suppression of SA production in
Arabidopsis thaliana
at 28 °C is independent of PHYTOCHROME B
8
,
9
(phyB) and EARLY FLOWERING 3
10
(ELF3), which regulate thermo-responsive plant growth and development. Instead, we found that formation of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (GBPL3) defence-activated biomolecular condensates
11
(GDACs) was reduced at the higher growth temperature. The altered GDAC formation in vivo is linked to impaired recruitment of GBPL3 and SA-associated Mediator subunits to the promoters of
CBP60g
and
SARD1
, which encode master immune transcription factors. Unlike many other SA signalling components, including the SA receptor and biosynthetic genes, optimized
CBP60g
expression was sufficient to broadly restore SA production, basal immunity and effector-triggered immunity at the elevated growth temperature without significant growth trade-offs. CBP60g family transcription factors are widely conserved in plants
12
. These results have implications for safeguarding the plant immune system as well as understanding the concept of the plant–pathogen–environment disease triangle and the emergence of new disease epidemics in a warming climate.
Suppression of salicylic acid production in
Arabidopsis
thaliana
at high temperature is caused by decreased recruitment of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 defence-associated condensates on promoter sites of master immune regulatory genes.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group
Subject
/ 14/1
/ 14/19
/ 14/63
/ 38
/ 38/39
/ 38/77
/ 64
/ 82
/ 96
/ Arabidopsis - growth & development
/ Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
/ Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
/ Calmodulin-Binding Proteins - genetics
/ Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
/ Global Warming - statistics & numerical data
/ Heat
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Immunity
/ Kinases
/ Proteins
/ Science
/ Weather
