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Dual effects of probiotic administration prior to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection are associated with immunological and microbiota shifts
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Dual effects of probiotic administration prior to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection are associated with immunological and microbiota shifts
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Journal Article
Dual effects of probiotic administration prior to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection are associated with immunological and microbiota shifts
2025
Overview
Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis caused by
Mycobacterium avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
(Map). Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective tools for PTB control, although alternative treatments like the probiotic
Dietzia
have been explored with promising results. Using a rabbit model, we investigated the association of immunological and microbiota profiles in Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GALT) with the effects in protection induced by the administration of
Dietzia
spp., the commercial vaccine (Silirum
®
) and the combination of both. The treatment with the probiotic diminished inflammation, but failed to control Map burden, suggesting a detrimental effect. Rabbits treated with the probiotic presented the highest rates of tissue lesion extension, although the immunological profile was not suggestive of an inflammatory state. Map load in both vaccinated groups was similar indicating that both treatments are equally effective in eliminating the infection, suggesting the role of vaccination in eliminating the infection prevails over the immunomodulatory effects of the probiotic. There were slight variations in the presence of some taxonomic groups depending on the treatment, highlighting the complexity of microbial interactions and the need to optimise treatment combinations in the context of each disease and animal species.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK,Nature Publishing Group,Nature Portfolio
Subject
/ 631/326
/ 692/699
/ Animals
/ Bacterial Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Bacterial Vaccines - immunology
/ Cattle
/ Dietzia
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects
/ Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
/ Gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT)
/ Gut-associated lymphoid tissues
/ Humanities and Social Sciences
/ Lymphoid Tissue - immunology
/ Lymphoid Tissue - microbiology
/ Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (Map)
/ Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis - immunology
/ Paratuberculosis - immunology
/ Paratuberculosis - microbiology
/ Paratuberculosis - prevention & control
/ Probiotics - administration & dosage
/ Rabbits
/ Science
/ Taxonomy
/ Vaccine
/ Vaccines
