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Characterization of entomotoxic and nematotoxic genes from indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and their biocontrol potential
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Characterization of entomotoxic and nematotoxic genes from indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and their biocontrol potential
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Journal Article
Characterization of entomotoxic and nematotoxic genes from indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and their biocontrol potential
2023
Overview
Background
The gram pod borer (
Helicoverpa armigera
Hubner), Bihar hairy caterpillar (
Spilosoma obliqua
Walker), tobacco caterpillar (
Spodoptera litura
Fabricius) and root knot nematode (
Meloidogyne incognita
(Kofoid and White) Chitwood) are the major insect pest and nematodes infesting mungbean, urdbean and other legumes.
Bacillus thuringiensis
(
Bt
) is a promising biocontrol agent that helps in managing the above pest. Deploying
Bt
biopesticides instead of chemical pesticides in legume cultivation enhances the soil health substantially. The present study envisages morphological, molecular cum biochemical characterization, entomotoxicity and nematotoxicity potential of four indigenous
Bt
strains (Ak
2
.IIPR, F8.IIPR, F5.IIPR and F6.IIPR) along with HD1 (standard check from BGSC).
Results
The SEM micrograph analysis of above four
Bt
strains along with F1.IIPR revealed the presence of different combinations of insecticidal crystal proteins, viz. cuboidal crystal (CC), bipyramidal crystal (BC), spherical crystal (SC) and irregularly pointed crystal (IC). This was further confirmed by PCR amplification of
Cry1
,
Cry2Aa
,
Cry2Ac
,
VIP3A
and
chi36
gene-specific primers and their phylogenetic analysis. F8.IIPR and Ak
2
.IIPR recorded the highest toxicity index against second-instar
S. obliqua
larvae (292.56 and 174.55),
H. armigera
(150.00 and 113.65) and
S. litura
(210.71 and 114.19) based on probit analysis. F5.IIPR (91.67%) and F8.IIPR (89.00%) recorded the highest juvenile mortality against
M. incognita
, followed by Ak
2
.IIPR (70.33%). The protein profiling of supernatant of terrific broth inoculated with F8.IIPR indicated the presence of VIP3A and Cry1I.
Conclusion
The present study concluded that F8.IIPR and Ak
2
.IIPR were potential
Bt
strains isolated from Indo-Gangetic plains which is having both entomocidal and nematicidal properties. Further, these strains were deposited at national repository, ICAR-NBAIM with the following accession no.: NAIMCC-SB-065 and NAIMCC-SB-066, respectively. These strains can be formulated as microbial biopesticide.
