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Children's Sharing Behavior in Mini-Dictator Games: The Role of In-Group Favoritism and Theory of Mind
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Children's Sharing Behavior in Mini-Dictator Games: The Role of In-Group Favoritism and Theory of Mind
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Journal Article
Children's Sharing Behavior in Mini-Dictator Games: The Role of In-Group Favoritism and Theory of Mind
2016
Overview
This study investigated the motivational and social-cognitive foundations (i.e., inequality aversion, in-group bias, and theory of mind) that underlie the development of sharing behavior among 3-to 9-year-old Chinese children (N = 122). Each child played two mini-dictator games against an in-group member (friend) and an outgroup member (stranger) to divide four stickers. Results indicated that there was a small to moderate agerelated increase in children's egalitarian sharing with strangers, whereas the age effect was moderate to large in interactions with friends. Moreover, 3-to 4-year-olds did not treat strangers and friends differently, but 5-to 6-year-old and older children showed strong in-group favoritism. Finally, theory of mind was an essential prerequisite for children's sharing behavior toward strangers, but not a unique predictor of their sharing with friends.
