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A novel approach using IFNAR1 KO mice for assessing Akabane virus pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy
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A novel approach using IFNAR1 KO mice for assessing Akabane virus pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy
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Journal Article
A novel approach using IFNAR1 KO mice for assessing Akabane virus pathogenicity and vaccine efficacy
2025
Overview
Akabane virus (AKAV) is a Simbu serogroup virus that can cause congenital abnormalities in ruminants. In 2010, an AKAV-7 strain exhibiting different characteristics and belonging to a distinctive genogroup compared to previous AKAVs was isolated in South Korea. Although this novel pathogenic AKAV-7 has been discovered, in vivo studies on AKAV-7 are currently insufficient due to limitations of using large animals and suckling mice. Therefore, the development of a novel small animal model for AKAV studies is necessary. Type I interferon receptor knock out (IFNAR1 KO) mice are widely employed as an infection model for Bunyavirales viruses. Here, we evaluated the suitability of IFNAR1 KO mice as a small animal model for AKAV infection. IFNAR1 KO mice inoculated with AKAV-7 strain by intraperitoneal (IP) and subcutaneous (SC) routes showed 100% mortality with high viral loads in organs and histopathological changes in the spleen and liver. These findings suggest that IFNAR1 KO mouse is susceptible to AKAV-7 infection and suitable for use as a uniformly lethal mouse model of AKAV-7. Furthermore, IFNAR1 KO mice vaccinated with the AKAV vaccine showed full protection against AKAV-7 challenge, suggesting that IFNAR1 KO mice might be useful as an animal model for AKAV vaccine studies.
Publisher
Elsevier Ltd,Elsevier Limited
Subject
/ Animals
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - immunology
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - pathology
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - prevention & control
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - veterinary
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - virology
/ Cattle
/ Female
/ Females
/ Genomes
/ liver
/ Mice
/ Orthobunyavirus - immunology
/ Orthobunyavirus - pathogenicity
/ Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta - deficiency
/ Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta - genetics
/ Spleen
/ Type I interferon receptor knock-out mice (IFNAR1 KO)
/ Vaccine
/ Vaccines
/ Viral Vaccines - administration & dosage
/ Viruses
