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Pair combinations of human monoclonal antibodies fully protected mice against bunyavirus SFTSV lethal challenge
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Pair combinations of human monoclonal antibodies fully protected mice against bunyavirus SFTSV lethal challenge
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Journal Article
Pair combinations of human monoclonal antibodies fully protected mice against bunyavirus SFTSV lethal challenge
2025
Overview
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a viral hemorrhagic fever caused by a tick-borne virus SFTSV with a mortality rate of up to 30%. Currently, there is no vaccine or effective therapy for SFTS. Neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy, which provides immediate passive immunity and may limit disease progression, has emerged as a reliable approach for developing therapeutic drugs for SFTS. In this study, 4 human monoclonal antibodies (hmAbs) derived from convalescent SFTS patients’ lymphocytes based on human single-chain variable fragment antibody libraries were tested for their neutralizing activities in cells and their treatment effect in animals individually and in pair combinations. The neutralization test showed that all 4 hmAbs exhibited strong neutralizing activity against SFTSV infection in vitro . The protection rate of hmAbs 4-6, 1F6, 1B2, and 4-5 against SFTSV lethal challenge in IFNAR1 -/- A129 mice are 50%, 16.7%, 83.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. Notably, the pair combination of antibodies (1B2 and 4-5, 1B2 and 1F6) that recognized distinct epitopes protected 100% of mice against SFTSV lethal challenge. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the pair combinations of hmAbs 1B2 and 4-5 or hmAbs 1B2 and 1F6 may serve as promising therapeutic drugs for treating SFTSV infection.
Publisher
Public Library of Science,Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subject
/ Antibodies, Monoclonal - immunology
/ Antibodies, Monoclonal - pharmacology
/ Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
/ Antibodies, Viral - immunology
/ Bunyaviridae Infections - immunology
/ Cloning
/ Drugs
/ Epitopes
/ Female
/ Fever
/ Humans
/ Immunization, Passive - methods
/ Mice
/ Proteins
/ Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome - immunology
/ Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome - prevention & control
