Journal Article

Manipulating Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance by Suppressing Pathogen-Induced Auxin Accumulation in Rice

Li, Yu, Xiao, Jinghua, Wang, Shiping, Yu, Huihui, Liu, Hongbo, Fu, Jing, Li, Xianghua

2011

Overview

Breeding crops with the quality of broad-spectrum disease resistance using genetic resources is one of the principal goals of crop improvement. However, the molecular mechanism of broad-spectrum resistance remains largely unknown. Here, we show that GH3-2, encoding an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amido synthetase, mediates a broad-spectrum resistance to bacterial Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzicola and fungal Magnaporthe grisea in rice (Oryza sativa). IAA, the major form of auxin in rice, results in rice more vulnerable to the invasion of different types of pathogens, which is at least partly due to IAA-induced loosening of the cell wall, the natural protective barrier of plant cells to invaders. X. oryzae pv oryzae, X. oryzae pv oryzicola, and M. grisea secrete IAA, which, in turn, may induce rice to synthesize its own IAA at the infection site. IAA induces the production of expansins, the cell wall-loosening proteins, and makes rice vulnerable to pathogens. GH3-2 is likely contributing to a minor quantitative trait locus for broad-spectrum resistance. Activation of GH3-2 inactivates IAA by catalyzing the formation of an IAA-amino acid conjugate, which results in the suppression of expansin genes. Thus, GH3-2 mediates basal resistance by suppressing pathogen-induced IAA accumulation. It is expected that, regulated by a pathogen-induced strong promoter, GH3-2 alone may be used for breeding rice with a broad-spectrum disease resistance.

• Publisher: American Society of Plant Biologists
• Subject: Alleles / Auxins / Biological and medical sciences / cell walls / Chromatography, Liquid / crop quality / crops / Cyclopentanes / Cyclopentanes - metabolism / Disease resistance / drug effects / enzymology / Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology / Gene expression regulation / Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects / genes / genetic resistance / genetics / Homeostasis / Homeostasis - drug effects / Homeostasis - genetics / Host-Pathogen Interactions / Host-Pathogen Interactions - drug effects / Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics / Immunity, Innate / Immunity, Innate - drug effects / Immunity, Innate - genetics / immunology / indole acetic acid / Indoleacetic Acids / Indoleacetic Acids - metabolism / Indoleacetic Acids - pharmacology / Infections / Insulin antibodies / Ligases / Ligases - metabolism / Magnaporthe / Magnaporthe - drug effects / Magnaporthe - physiology / Magnaporthe grisea / Mass Spectrometry / metabolism / microbiology / Molecular Sequence Data / Oryza / Oryza - enzymology / Oryza - genetics / Oryza - metabolism / Oryza - microbiology / Oryza sativa / Oxylipins / Oxylipins - metabolism / Pathogens / pharmacology / physiology / Plant Diseases / Plant Diseases - genetics / Plant Diseases - immunology / Plant Diseases - microbiology / Plant physiology and development / Plant Proteins / Plant Proteins - genetics / Plant Proteins - metabolism / Plants / PLANTS INTERACTING WITH OTHER ORGANISMS / Protein Transport / Protein Transport - drug effects / proteins / Quantitative trait loci / Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics / resistance mechanisms / Rice / Salicylic Acid / Salicylic Acid - metabolism / Signal Transduction / Signal Transduction - drug effects / Signal Transduction - genetics / Xanthomonas / Xanthomonas - drug effects / Xanthomonas - physiology / Xanthomonas oryzae / Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae / Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola