Journal Article

Bead-based assays to simultaneously detect multiple human inherited blood disorders associated with malaria

Bougouma, Edith C., Ouédraogo, Alphonse, Bousema, Teun, Campino, Susana, Grignard, Lynn, Curry, Jonathan, Clark, Taane G., Nébié, Issa, Sirima, Sodiomon B., Lanke, Kjerstin H. W., Bastiaens, Guide J. H., Sanou, Guillaume S., Tiono, Alfred B., d’Alessandro, Umberto, Affara, Muna, Drakeley, Chris, Okebe, Joseph, Mair, Catherine, Gonçalves, Bronner P., Coulibaly, Sam A., Mahey, Laleta

2019

Overview

Background Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd), haemoglobin C (HbC) and S (HbS) are inherited blood disorders (IBD) common in populations in malaria endemic areas. All are associated to some degree with protection against clinical malaria whilst additionally G6PDd is associated with haemolysis following treatment with 8-aminoquinolines. Measuring the prevalence of these inherited blood disorders in affected populations can improve understanding of disease epidemiology. Current methodologies in epidemiological studies commonly rely on individual target amplification and visualization; here a method is presented to simultaneously detect the polymorphisms and that can be expanded to include other single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interest. Methods Human DNA from whole blood samples was amplified in a novel, multiplex PCR reaction and extended with SNP-specific probes in an allele specific primer extension (ASPE) to simultaneously detect four epidemiologically important human markers including G6PD SNPs (G202A and A376G) and common haemoglobin mutations (HbS and HbC). The products were hybridized to magnetic beads and the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) was read on MAGPIX ® (Luminex corp.). Genotyping data was compared to phenotypical data generated by flow cytometry and to established genotyping methods. Results Seventy-five samples from Burkina Faso (n = 75/78, 96.2%) and 58 samples from The Gambia (n = 58/61, 95.1%) had a G6PD and a HBB genotype successfully assigned by the bead-based assay. Flow cytometry data available for n = 61 samples further supported the concordance between % G6PD normal/deficient cells and genotype. Conclusions The bead based assay compares well to alternative measures of genotyping and phenotyping for G6PD. The screening is high throughput, adaptable to inclusion of multiple targets of interest and easily standardized.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adolescent / Adult / Anemia / Anemia, Sickle Cell - diagnosis / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Blood / Blood diseases / Burkina Faso / Child / Chromosomes / Complications and side effects / Data / Dehydrogenases / Deoxyribonucleic acid / DNA / DNA probes / Entomology / Enzymes / Epidemiology / Females / Flow cytometry / Fluorescence / Genetic aspects / Genetic polymorphisms / Genotypes / Genotyping / Genotyping Techniques - methods / Glucose / Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency / Glucosephosphate dehydrogenase / Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase - genetics / Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency - diagnosis / Haemoglobin C / Haemoglobin S / Haemolysis / Hematologic diseases / Hematological diseases / Hemoglobin / Hemoglobin C - genetics / Hemoglobin C Disease - diagnosis / Hemoglobin, Sickle - genetics / Hemoglobins / Human diseases / Humans / Infectious Diseases / Malaria / Malaria - complications / Male / Methods / Microbiology / Middle Aged / Multiplex detection / Mutation / Novels / Nucleotide sequence / Nucleotides / Parasitology / PCR / Phenotyping / Phosphates / Polymerase chain reaction / Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Prevention / Public Health / Risk factors / Single nucleotide polymorphisms / Single-nucleotide polymorphism / Tropical Medicine / Vector-borne diseases / Young Adult