Journal Article

Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review

Khader, Mohamed S., Emam, Abdallah E., Fawzi, Mahmoud M., Hashem, Amr H., Khodaira, Mohamed A., Abdelrahman, Ahmed S., Abdelaziz, Amer M., Goma, Mohamed A., Attia, Mohamed S., Kandil, Eslam K.

2023

Overview

Human life has been significantly impacted by the creation and spread of novel species of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and virus strains that are difficult to manage. Scientists and researchers have recently been motivated to seek out alternatives and other sources of safe and ecologically friendly active chemicals that have a powerful and effective effect against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria as a result of all these hazards and problems. In this review, endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds and biomedical applications were discussed. Endophytes, a new category of microbial source that can produce a variety of biological components, have major values for study and broad prospects for development. Recently, endophytic fungi have received much attention as a source for new bioactive compounds. In addition, the variety of natural active compounds generated by endophytes is due to the close biological relationship between endophytes and their host plants. The bioactive compounds separated from endophytes are usually classified as steroids, xanthones, terpenoids, isocoumarins, phenols, tetralones, benzopyranones and enniatines. Moreover, this review discusses enhancement methods of secondary metabolites production by fungal endophytes which include optimization methods, co-culture method, chemical epigenetic modification and molecular-based approaches. Furthermore, this review deals with different medical applications of bioactive compounds such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activities in the last 3 years.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Acids / Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism / Anti-infective agents / Anti-Infective Agents - metabolism / Antibiotic resistance / Antibiotics / Anticancer activity / Anticancer properties / Antimicrobial activity / Antimitotic agents / Antineoplastic agents / Antioxidant activity / Antiviral activity / Antiviral agents / Antiviral drugs / Applied Microbiology / Bacteria / Bioactive compounds / Biodiversity / Biological activity / Biomedical engineering / Biomedical materials / Biotechnology / Cancer / Chemical properties / Chemistry / Chemistry and Materials Science / Ecological effects / Endophytes / Endophytes - metabolism / Environmental conditions / Enzymology / Epigenetics / Fungal endophytes / Fungi / Fungi - metabolism / Genetic Engineering / Health aspects / Herbal medicine / Host plants / Humans / Humidity / Identification and classification / Medicinal plants / Medicine, Botanic / Medicine, Herbal / Metabolites / Microbial Genetics and Genomics / Microbiology / Microorganisms / Optimization / Organic compounds / Pathogens / Pharmaceutical research / Phenols / Plant diseases / Plant metabolites / Plants - microbiology / Production methods / Review / Secondary metabolites / Seeds / Soil fungi / Steroid hormones / Terpenes