Journal Article

Suspension microarray-based comparison of oropharyngeal swab and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pathogen identification in young children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection

Zhang, Chang-Bin, Zhang, Liang, Hua, Li-Dong, Deng, Hua, Ma, Zhan-Ying, Tao, Wei-Jing, Lei, Wen, Dai, Qi-Qiang

2020

Overview

Background Respiratory tract infection (RTI) in young children is a leading cause of morbidity and hospitalization worldwide. There are few studies assessing the performance for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) versus oropharyngeal swab (OPS) specimens in microbiological findings for children with RTI. The primary purpose of this study was to compare the detection rates of OPS and paired BALF in detecting key respiratory pathogens using suspension microarray. Methods We collected paired OPS and BALF specimens from 76 hospitalized children with respiratory illness. The samples were tested simultaneously for 8 respiratory viruses and 5 bacteria by suspension microarray. Results Of 76 paired specimens, 62 patients (81.6%) had at least one pathogen. BALF and OPS identified respiratory pathogen infections in 57 (75%) and 49 (64.5%) patients, respectively ( P  > 0.05). The etiology analysis revealed that viruses were responsible for 53.7% of the patients, whereas bacteria accounted for 32.9% and Mycoplasma pneumoniae for 13.4%. The leading 5 pathogens identified were respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniaee , Haemophilus influenzae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae and adenovirus, and they accounted for 74.2% of etiological fraction. For detection of any pathogen, the overall detection rate of BALF (81%) was marginally higher than that (69%) of OPS ( p  = 0.046). The differences in the frequency distribution and sensitivity for most pathogens detected by two sampling methods were not statistically significant. Conclusions In this study, BALF and OPS had similar microbiological yields. Our results indicated the clinical value of OPS testing in pediatric patients with respiratory illness.

• Publisher: BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
• Subject: Adenoviruses / Alveoli / Bacteria / Bacterial infections / Bronchoalveolar lavage / Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid / Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - microbiology / Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - virology / Bronchus / Child / Child health / Child, Hospitalized / Child, Preschool / Childhood / Childhood respiratory illness / Children / Clinical medicine / Diagnosis / Diagnostic Tests, Routine - methods / Diseases / Etiology (Medicine) / Female / Frequency distribution / Hemophilus infections / Hospital patients / Hospitalization / Humans / Infant / Infant, Newborn / Infection / Infectious Diseases / Influenza / Internal Medicine / Lavage / Male / Maternal & child health / Medical Microbiology / Medicine / Medicine & Public Health / Methods / Microbiology / Morbidity / Multipathogen detection / Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Oropharyngeal swab / Oropharynx - microbiology / Oropharynx - virology / Parasitology / Pathogenic microorganisms / Pathogens / Pediatric communicable diseases / Pediatric diseases / Pediatrics / Performance assessment / Pneumococcal Infections - diagnosis / Pneumococcal Infections - microbiology / Pneumonia / Research Article / Respiratory diseases / Respiratory syncytial virus / Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - diagnosis / Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - virology / Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human - genetics / Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human - isolation & purification / Respiratory tract / Respiratory tract diseases / Respiratory tract infection / Respiratory tract infections / Respiratory Tract Infections - diagnosis / Respiratory Tract Infections - microbiology / Respiratory Tract Infections - virology / Sampling methods / Streptococcus infections / Streptococcus pneumoniae - genetics / Streptococcus pneumoniae - isolation & purification / Suspension microarray / Tissue microarrays / Tropical Medicine / Viral diseases / Viral infections / Viruses