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Coral microbiome in estuary coral community of Pearl River Estuary: insights into variation in coral holobiont adaptability to low-salinity conditions
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Coral microbiome in estuary coral community of Pearl River Estuary: insights into variation in coral holobiont adaptability to low-salinity conditions
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Coral microbiome in estuary coral community of Pearl River Estuary: insights into variation in coral holobiont adaptability to low-salinity conditions
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Journal Article
Coral microbiome in estuary coral community of Pearl River Estuary: insights into variation in coral holobiont adaptability to low-salinity conditions
2025
Overview
Background
Low salinity is a crucial environmental stressor that affects estuarine coral ecosystems considerably. However, few studies have focused on the effects of low-salinity conditions on coral-associated microorganisms and the adaptability of coral holobionts.
Methods
We explored the community structure of coral symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and associated bacteria in low-salinity conditions using samples of six coral species from the Pearl River Estuary and analyzed the adaptability of coral holobionts in estuaries.
Results
The symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae of all six studied coral species were dominated by
Cladocopium,
but, the Symbiodiniaceae subclades differed among these coral species. Some coral species (e.g.,
Acropora solitaryensis
) had a high diversity of symbiotic Symbiodiniaceae but low Symbiodiniaceae density, with different adaptability to low-salinity stress in the Pearl River Estuary. Other coral species (e.g.,
Plesiastrea versipora
) potentially increased their resistance by associating with specific Symbiodiniaceae subclades and with high Symbiodiniaceae density under low-salinity stress. The microbiome associated with the coral species were dominated by
Proteobacteria
,
Chloroflexi
, and
Bacteroidetes
; however, its diversity and composition varied among coral species. Some coral species (e.g.,
Acropora solitaryensis
) had a high diversity of associated bacteria, with different adaptability owing to low-salinity stress. Other coral species (e.g.,
Plesiastrea versipora
) potentially increased their resistance by having minority bacterial dominance under low-salinity stress.
Conclusions
High Symbiodiniaceae density and high bacterial diversity may be conducive to increase the tolerance of coral holobiont to low-salinity environments. Different coral species have distinct ways of adapting to low-salinity stress, and this difference is mainly through the dynamic regulation of the coral microbiome by corals.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,Springer Nature B.V,BMC
Subject
/ Aluminum
/ Analysis
/ Animals
/ Bacteria
/ Bacteria - isolation & purification
/ Biomedical and Life Sciences
/ China
/ Corals
/ Density
/ Dinoflagellida - classification
/ Microbial community variation
/ Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
/ Mycology
/ Nitrogen
/ Rain
/ Rivers
/ RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
/ Salinity
/ Seawater
/ Species
/ Virology
